Longhao Ao

Code search has received significant attention in the field of computer science research. Its core objective is to retrieve the most semantically relevant code snippets by aligning the semantics of natural language queries with those of programming languages, thereby contributing to improvements in software development quality and efficiency. As the scale of public code repositories continues to expand rapidly, the ability to accurately understand and efficiently match relevant code has become a critical challenge. Furthermore, while numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of deep learning in code-related tasks, the mapping and semantic correlations are often inadequately addressed, leading to the disruption of structural integrity and insufficient representational capacity during semantic matching. To overcome these limitations, we propose the Functional Program Graph for Code Search (called FPGraphCS), a novel code search method that leverages the construction of functional program graphs and an early fusion strategy. By incorporating abstract syntax tree (AST), data dependency graph (DDG), and control flow graph (CFG), the method constructs a comprehensive multigraph representation, enriched with contextual information. Additionally, we propose an improved metapath aggregation graph neural network (IMAGNN) model for the extraction of code features with complex semantic correlations from heterogeneous graphs. Through the use of metapath-associated subgraphs and dynamic metapath selection via a graph attention mechanism, FPGraphCS significantly enhances its search capability. The experimental results demonstrate that FPGraphCS outperforms existing baseline methods, achieving an MRR of 0.65 and ACC@10 of 0.842, showing a significant improvement over previous approaches.

The text-to-SQL task aims to convert natural language questions into corresponding SQL queries based on a given database schema. Previous models that rely on graph neural networks often struggle to accurately capture the complex grammatical relationships present in these questions, leading to poor performance when generating queries for longer requests. To address these challenges, we propose RGISQL, which integrates refined grammatical information extracted from the question and employs segmentation processing to effectively manage long queries. Additionally, RGISQL minimizes the complexity of edge embeddings by reducing the coupling within graph neural networks. By utilizing grammatical dependency trees, RGISQL is better equipped to capture the inherent structure and grammatical rules of questions. This refined grammatical information offers additional contextual and semantic cues for the model, thereby enhancing both its generalizability and interpretability. Furthermore, we dynamically assess the importance of different edges based on the graph structure, which helps reduce the coupling of edge embeddings and further improves the model’s performance. Multiple sets of experiments conducted on the Spider and Spider-Syn datasets demonstrate that RGISQL outperforms other baselines, achieving the best results in both datasets.