Adistha Eka Noveyani

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tuberculosis (TB) are major public health problems in Indonesia. Post‑tuberculosis structural lung damage may predispose to chronic airflow limitation, but clinic‑based data from high‑burden districts are limited. We assessed...

Background: Diphtheria remains a significant public health concern in several regions of Indonesia, including Jember Regency, where periodic outbreaks persist. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the distribution of diphtheria cases in Jember Regency from 2023 to 2024 based on person, place, and time. Methods: A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted using secondary data from the Jember District Health Office, including all reported diphtheria cases from January 2023 to December 2024. The study population comprised all confirmed diphtheria cases during the study period, with data sources including case investigation forms, immunization records, and surveillance reports. Data were collected using a standardized extraction form and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Temporal trends were assessed through epidemic curves, while spatial distribution was mapped using Geographic Information System (GIS) software to visualize the relationship between immunization coverage and case occurrence. Results: A total of 27 diphtheria cases, or approximately 1.04 cases per 100,000 population, were reported. Most cases occurred among children aged 14 years or older, and clusters of cases were observed in subdistricts with low immunization coverage. The epidemic curve revealed distinct peaks in 2023 during weeks 23–27 and 28–31, while in 2024, peaks occurred during weeks 1–5 and 23–27. While GIS mapping demonstrated a clear spatial distribution between under-immunized areas and increased diphtheria incidence. Conclusion: Diphtheria cases were predominantly concentrated in areas with low immunization coverage, highlighting the need to strengthen immunization programs in vulnerable communities.

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) a disorder that cause damage to tissues, muscles, joints, nerves, and bones due to unergonomic working attitudes. Unergonomic work attitudes are often observed among sewing workers. One of the complaints of MSD, low back pain, occupies the highest position in the Gresik Regency in 2023. Sack-sewing workers perform sewing standing; therefore, they often experience leg pain. This study aimed to describe the risk factors for MSD in sack sewing workers in the Duduk Sampeyan District in the production section using a total sampling technique of 39 workers. This type of research uses observational descriptive and descriptive analysis to determine the RR value. Data was obtained from interviews and observations of work posture. The instruments used were Nordic Body Map, Rapid Entire Body Assessment, and %CVL. The results of this study showed that the highest level of pain experienced by workers was in the left leg. The work period showed a tendency towards MSD complaints with a p-value 0.00 and RR 5.8, which means that a working period of > 5 years are 5.8 times more likely to experience MSD than workers with a working period of ≤ 5 years. Although the work posture was not significant, it was in the medium and high categories. Recommendations that can be given are to adjust the height of the sewing table to the worker's anthropometry, stretch during breaks, especially the legs, and form an Occupational Health Post in Duduk Sampeyan District.

Anemia is a common health issue among adolescent girls, including female students. Adolescents tend to experience various behavioral changes that affect their health, including anemia. Good health behaviors are shaped by positive attitudes and knowledge. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and behavior related to nutritional anemia and the incidence of anemia among female undergraduate students at the Jember Regency. This observational study used a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted between February and May 2024 at the University of Jember. The sample consisted of 109 respondents, selected through multistage sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and hemoglobin levels using point-of-care testing (POCT) blood tests. Data analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. Significant relationships were found between behaviors related to anemia and anemia (p=0,009; PR= 1,58), knowledge of anemia and anemia (p=0,013; PR= 1,45), and attitudes toward anemia and anemia (p=0,013; PR= 1,52). These findings indicate that behavior, knowledge, and attitudes related to anemia are associated with the incidence of anemia. We expected adolescents to be more proactive in preventing anemia and in seeking more information about it. Educational institutions should integrate anemia prevention education (nutrition, importance of iron supplements, and healthy eating patterns) into campus curricula. Moreover, they provide iron-rich foods and vitamin C source meals for faculty canteens.

Hypertension affects approximately 10% of pregnancies globally and remains a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Mothers with hypertension in their first pregnancy are at an elevated risk for preeclampsia in subsequent pregnancies. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between stress and high-fat intake and the incidence of hypertension in pregnant women. This was an observational study that used a cross-sectional approach from May to June 2024. The study population included pregnant women who were patients of the Maesan Health Center and residing in Bondowoso Regency. The sample selection used Slovin's formula: 73 out of 263 pregnant women. Stress variables were measured using the Revised Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (NuPDQ), a 2 × 24-hour recall questionnaire for fat intake measurements, and blood pressure measurements using a tensimeter. Univariate analysis described each variable, including respondents' stress status and high-fat dietary intake. Moreover, bivariate analysis used chi-square tests to assess the relationship between the independent variables (stress and fat intake) and the dependent variable (hypertension). This study found that there was an association between stress and high-fat intake and the incidence of hypertension, with p-values <0,001 and <0,001, respectively. We recommend addressing both stress management and dietary habits as crucial in prenatal care programmes.

Introduction: Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS) is an occupational health problem caused by dermal absorption of nicotine from wet tobacco leaves, posing a significant risk to farmers in Bondowoso Regency, Indonesia. The region’s reliance on tobacco cultivation, combined with environmental and...

Background: Many university students, including final-year engineering students in Indonesia, often use cigarette smoking as a coping strategy to manage academic stress and psychological distress, despite its well-documented health risks. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between coping strategy type and smoking Among Final-year Engineering Students at college. Methods: An analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in Jember, East Java, from October 2022 to July 2023. The population was 779 engineering students at the University of Jember. The sampling method used was cluster sampling, and the Isaac and Michael formulas obtained 260 samples. Students filled out questionnaires distributed by researchers using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire method through the Google Form platform. Results: Most respondents were male (77%), and more than half were smokers (64.9%). Smoker respondents started smoking at 15-19 years (50,9%). Respondents experienced moderate stress levels (78.5%), and 4,5% experienced high stress levels. As coping stress type, most respondents were problem-focused coping (91,7%), with smoker respondents at 92,4% and non-smoker respondents at 90,3%. This high prevalence of problem-focused coping among both smokers and non-smokers suggests that these students may be equipped with effective strategies for managing stress. There is no association between the type of coping stress and cigarette smoking (p-value: 0,981), indicating that other factors may play a more critical role in influencing smoking habits among this population, such as social influences, peer pressure, or environmental factors that are not captured by the coping strategy framework. Conclusion: Despite finding no association between the type of coping stress and cigarette smoking, the study highlights the prevalent use of problem-focused coping strategies among engineering students, suggesting the need for further research into the complex interplay between stress management and smoking habits among this demographic.

Background: Subjective well-being is a measurement that can be used to integrate mental health as disease prevention and health promotion. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between subjective well-being and mental health in female students at an Islamic boarding school. Methods: This study is an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The population is 179 female students; 100 samples were obtained using simple random sampling. The variables in this study are subjective well-being and mental health, optimism, gratitude, and self-esteem. Bivariate data analysis used the Spearman correlation test. Discussion: The result found that female students have moderate subjective well-being (66%), moderate mental health (52%), high optimism (84%), high gratitude (60%), and high self-esteem (77%). Correlation analysis shows that there is a relationship between optimism and subjective well-being (0.00Conclusion: Al-Husna Islamic boarding school can maintain subjective well-being in several ways, including by providing learning and education to see life positively, healthy ways of giving thanks, training in positive thinking, and self-development linked to Islamic teachings.