Suzhen Zhang

This study employs layer-by-layer self-assembly technology to develop novel antibacterial hemostatic microspheres to tackle significant blood loss and related complications resulting from accidents, surgeries, and natural disasters. By measuring the zeta potential and particle size of protamine, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), and hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), the optimal assembly conditions were determined. The optimal pH for the monolayer assembly is 3.0, with a CMS concentration of 3 mg/mL and a mass ratio of 1:4 between protamine and CMS, and the assembly process lasts for 2 h. The optimal assembly conditions for the bilayer assembly are a pH of 4.0, an HACC concentration of 1 mg/mL, and a mass ratio of the one-layer assembly to HACC of 1:2. The performance of the assembled microspheres was analyzed via antibacterial and coagulation experiments, revealing excellent antibacterial and coagulation effects, with inhibition rates against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis both exceeding 99%, and a coagulation index of 0%. Additionally, the bilayer assembled microspheres also exhibited strong adsorption capacity and good biocompatibility. In summary, this study provides important scientific evidence for the development of new hemostatic materials, demonstrating significant clinical application potential.

MiRNA-208a is a molecular marker for the early stage of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with satisfactory specificity and a relatively short time window, making it highly suitable for the early diagnosis of AMI. In this study, a CuNCs-cDNA-MoS₂ fluorescent probe is designed and a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) enzyme-free fluorescent biosensor is established for “on-off-on” detection of miRNA-208a. The results showed that the detection limit for miRNA-208a was 900 pM, with a linear range of 1 to 10 nM. Interestingly, after the addition of RNase inhibitor, the detection time and limit for serum miRNA-208a were reduced to 5 min and 380 pM, respectively. It also has a wide linear range (1-20 nM), with a recovery of 98.13 to 101.20%. Compared to traditional methods, this strategy is simple, rapid, efficient, and cost-effective. In summary, the FRET-based fluorescent sensor provides a high-performance method for detecting miRNA-208a. Graphical Abstract