Saujan Lamichhane

Social media engagement is indispensable for learning, sharing, knowledge development, and communication approaches for academics and students that enhance internal skills and capacity for social behavior. The study’s primary goals are to investigate how university students’ use of social media affects their academic achievement. The study adopted a descriptive research design. This study used primary sources of data. The data were collected by distributing the questionnaire through online and physical forms using convenience sampling techniques. The findings of the research revealed an influence of social media on academic performance. It showed that social media enhances connectivity and information sharing, reflecting its impact on university students, which requires digital literacy, responsible use, and maintaining a healthy balance between online engagement and academic pursuits. The findings of the study can be useful for policymakers, social media service providers, and other stakeholders to craft a strategic framework.

Background: The global financial sector is increasingly prioritizing sustainability, with green banking and investment emerging as key strategies to support environmentally responsible economic growth. Despite growing interest, awareness and adoption remain limited in developing economies like Nepal, particularly among younger generations who will shape future financial trends. Objective: This study examines undergraduate students' awareness, perceptions, and willingness to engage in green banking and investment, assessing potential gender differences and identifying barriers to sustainable finance adoption. Methods: A quantitative approach was employed, using a structured questionnaire administered to 217 undergraduate students from public and private colleges. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, and ANOVA to compare responses across genders and academic disciplines. Findings: Results indicated moderate awareness of green finance concepts, with no significant gender differences in green banking perceptions (p=0.220). However, male students showed marginally higher interest in green investment (p=0.066). Key barriers included limited financial products, insufficient policy support, and lack of technical knowledge. Conclusion: While students demonstrate foundational awareness of green finance, targeted educational initiatives and policy incentives are needed to deepen engagement. The findings underscore the importance of integrating sustainability into financial curricula and fostering institutional support for green finance in Nepal. Novelty: This study contributes to limited research on youth perspectives toward green finance in developing economies, offering actionable insights for policymakers and educators to bridge awareness gaps and promote sustainable financial behaviors.

Nepal’s rich cultural heritage offers a unique pathway toward sustainable development, particularly through the promotion of green economy practices within cultural industries. However, there is limited understanding of how local entrepreneurs, especially Newar businesspersons in Kathmandu Valley, perceive the role of policies, youth involvement, and green practices in enhancing cultural businesses. This study aims to examine these perceptions and identify gender-based differences to inform policy formulation and strategic interventions. A quantitative research design was employed, collecting data from 386 randomly selected Newar entrepreneurs using a structured survey. Data were analyzed with SPSS through descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation, and Chi-square tests to explore associations between variables such as gender and attitudes toward green policies and youth engagement. Results revealed significant gender differences: female entrepreneurs demonstrated stronger support for policy incentives encouraging green practices and youth involvement, while male entrepreneurs showed skepticism about integrating green curricula and local cultural business support. The findings underscore the importance of gender-sensitive policies and targeted programs that promote sustainable and inclusive cultural entrepreneurship. Based on these insights, the study recommends that policymakers design tailored interventions that enhance women’s participation, foster youth engagement, and build awareness of the benefits of green practices in cultural industries. Strengthening institutional support and providing access to green finance are vital for scaling up sustainable cultural businesses, ultimately contributing to Nepal’s green growth and cultural preservation.

Smartphones are increasing in use among its user that supports learning process of students. Thus, the main objective of the study is to examine the impact of smartphone usage on the mental health of graduate students in Kathmandu. The study adopted descriptive, relational, and causal research designs to investigate the impact of smartphones on students' mental health for better classroom achievement. The study employed smartphone usage as independent variable and mental health of students as dependent variable. The primary sources of cross-sectional data have been collected distributing the structured questionnaire. The 130 questionnaire was distributed to the target respondents and received only 100 (76.92 percent) useful questionnaires from the respondents. The findings of the study revealed a significant relationship between use of smartphone and mental health of graduate students. Thus, the use of smartphone shows that with the increase in use of smartphone there will be positive influence on mental health of graduate students but found insignificant. The implication of the study depicts useful and significant for parents, manufacturers, educational institutions, regulatory bodies, and its users. The novelty of the study reflects the discovery of the influence of smartphone usage in the Nepalese context representing the graduate students located in Kathmandu.

Background: Social media marketing is a vital promotional strategy of business entities that contributes to enhance brand awareness among the customers. The outcome variables encompasses brand awareness behaviour of clients and influencer variables comprise advertisement, electronic word of mouth, and social media interaction. Objective: This study aims to investigate the influence of social media marketing on brand awareness. Thus, study variables of the study consists of advertisement, electronic word of mouth and social media interaction as independent variable and brand awareness as dependent variable. Methods: This study employed the descriptive and casual relational research approach. The investigation delves deep into the intricate interplay between various dimensions of social media marketing and brand awareness. s. The primary information utilized in the study consisted of a total of 119 (58.33 percent) questionnaires that were found useful out of 204 disseminated questionnaires. Findings: The findings of the study revealed a positive and significant influence of advertisement on brand awareness (β = 0.677, p <0.05). Similarly, a positive and significant effect of electronic word of mouth found on brand awareness (β = 0.067, p <0.05). Finally, results depicted a positive and significant influence of media interaction on brand awareness (β = 0.649, p <0.05). Conclusion: Further, the study's findings extend beyond clients to encompass all individuals seeking to enhance brand awareness. The research probes into the interconnected nature of various dimensions of social media marketing, indicating that a combined or adaptive approach may produce the most effective results in enhancing overall brand awareness. It is evident that by acknowledging the influence of social media marketing on brand awareness. Manufacturers and distributors of products and services and other business entities can adopt these findings while deciding on sales and marketing strategies. Novelty: The study provides empirical evidence of social media marketing on brand awareness. Despite the several previous studies conducted in social media marketing, inconsistent findings exist and rare evidences are explored in the Nepalese context.

This study investigates the relationship between service quality dimensions-tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and customer satisfaction variables. Service quality is an important factor of success in the banking industry since it directly influences client satisfaction and provides a competitive advantage. This study employed the descriptive and casual relational research approach. The primary information utilized in the study consisted of a total of 100 questionnaires that were found useful out of 190 disseminated questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out utilizing descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis. The findings showed that all service quality dimensions have a considerable beneficial impact on customer satisfaction, with a focus on tangible service components such as reliability, responsiveness, competence assurance, and sympathetic interactions. The findings imply that improving these aspects can lead to better customer experiences and satisfaction. From a policy standpoint, the study demonstrates the necessity for banks to improve their service quality in response to client expectations constantly. Financial organizations and other business entities can adopt these findings while deciding business and marketing policies.

This study aims to examine the impacts of digital marketing on business sustainability using a systematic analysis guided by PRISMA, focusing on their effectiveness, emerging trends, and obstacles. By comprehensively examining contemporary academic studies, the research highlights significant digital marketing methods that improve online presence, consumer interaction, and overall business performance. This research is constrained by its dependency on secondary data, which may not adequately reflect current industry trends. Moreover, the study primarily emphasizes existing literature and lacks in empirical data from direct consumer and business surveys. Additionally, variations in the effectiveness of digital marketing across different regions and industries are not thoroughly addressed. The study concludes that transformative trends and technologies are changing the landscape of digital marketing, including artificial intelligence, data driven analytics, and Omni channel marketing strategies positive impact on business sustainability. Further, the study addresses major challenges and concerns about data privacy, content saturation, issues with consumer trust while evaluating return on investment (ROI), reliance on specific platforms, and ethical considerations. The study provides several possible options for the problem that focus more on privacy-related marketing, using AI in personalized content creation, adopting complex analytics for performance assessment, and diversifying marketing channels. The research invariably emphasizes that businesses must infuse their digital marketing efforts with ethics, sound data-unforcedness, and customer focus to attain sustainable growth in their top-tier digital ecosystem. This study offers valuable insights for small and micro-entrepreneurs, policymakers, and regulators emphasizing digital marketing as a tool for sustainable marketing strategies.