G. Gunina

The problem of preserving the diversity of the Earth’s flora is extremely relevant due to the increasing impact of economic and other human activities on the natural environment. The most fragile and very significant part of the flora in need of protection are rare, endangered and threatened with extinction species. From a biological point of view, these categories include: species that are not threatened with extinction, but their number on the planet is very small; species that are dying out as a result of evolutionary processes; species that are potentially vulnerable due to their biological characteristics; widespread species that reduce their range and numbers as a result of anthropogenic influences. The article shows that the Khadzhokh recreational area of the Republic of Adygea includes three settlements: the villages of Dakhovskaya, Kamennomostsky and Pobeda, which are the most attractive for the local population and tourists from all the regions of Russia and abroad. Based on the survey of the territory of the area in 2017–2022, we studied landscape and botanical monuments of nature and identified rare plants. The rare flora of the area includes a large proportion of relict and endemic species. The rarest plant species are recommended for inclusion in the third edition of the Red Book of the Republic of Adygea, which will be published in 2023. The limiting factors of the rare flora of the area are revealed. The aim of the work is to study the Khadjokh recreational zone of the Republic of Adygea, identify the species composition of plants in this territory and identify rare species, assess the current state of their populations and determine the category of rarity status for the third edition of the Red Book of the Republic.

There are three species of the genus Cephalanthera in the Republic of Adygea. All species are rare and listed in the Red Book of the Republic. They grow in forests of various types at altitudes from 209 m to 1724 m above sea level. The review provides a brief morphological description and some features of biology and ecology. Special attention is paid to identifying the locations of species, their phytocenotic association, analyzing the ontogenetic structure of cenopopulations and assessing their condition. Limiting factors were identified and possible ways of preserving the cenopopulation diversity of species were recommended.

The paper presents the results of a study of the distribution of species of the genus Galanthus on the territory of Adygea and the variability of individual morphological characteristics of individuals in natural populations. The study of intrapopulation variation of a number of parameters made it possible to identify stable and variable characteristics of species and to assess the polymorphism of populations.