Patrícia Gomes Dallepiane

The transition to sustainable transport in the logistics sector requires innovative strategies, yet companies still face uncertainty regarding the operational, economic, and environmental feasibility of replacing diesel trucks with electric ones. Electric trucks represent a sustainable alternative, contributing to the reduction in pollutant gas emissions, noise reduction in traffic, and lower operational costs, in addition to building sustainable logistics through recharges from renewable energy sources. Although electric trucks offer sustainability benefits, existing research often lacks analyses based on real-world delivery conditions. In this context, the objective of this paper is to analyze the logistical impact of introducing electric trucks for beverage transportation. This study includes assessments of planned route profiles, economic evaluation during operation, emission mitigation costs, and charging analyses under different pricing models in consumer units. These elements were selected to reflect the actual challenges companies face. The results demonstrate that electric trucks can reduce fuel costs by 83.90% and significantly lower carbon emissions, confirming their viability for last-mile freight transport operations. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the process of replacing diesel trucks with electric ones is a viable alternative for companies due to the savings generated during operation and the reduction in pollutant emissions.

The implementation of innovative strategies in transportation is fundamental for the transition to sustainable mobility in road freight transport. Electric trucks provide a sustainable solution, significantly contributing to the reduction in pollutant emissions, lower operational costs, and the ability to recharge from renewable energy sources. In this context, this article proposes a methodology to support sustainable mobility optimization considering the variables related to the logistical problems of electric vehicles (recharging time and autonomy), which allows for routes to be compared based on the shortest time, lowest costs, and shortest distance for delivering goods while integrating recharge time windows into optimized routes. The study results reveal that additional recharging can significantly impact total travel time and total costs due to variable tariffs at charging stations. Consequently, the model assists in improving resource management and delivery schedule management, thereby increasing operational efficiency and correcting potential conflicts or delays. Therefore, the method provides mobility as a service and offers greater flexibility to decision-makers in selecting the path that best meets delivery objectives, aiming to propose solutions to reduce the impact on the logistics process through the adoption of electric trucks in last-mile freight transport.