Chubo Wang

Plastic‐mulched drip irrigation is widely used in arid regions, but it may aggravate root‐zone hypoxia and salinity. A two‐year field experiment based on two two‐factor designs was conducted in Xinjiang, China, during 2023 and 2024 to investigate the combined effects of irrigation‐water temperature (10°C–15°C and 20°C–25°C), aeration method (5 mg L ⁻¹ (no aeration)) and 18 mg L ⁻¹ (micro‐nano aeration) and humic acid application (0 and 0.5% of fertigation mass) on processing tomato growth, yield, fruit quality, root‐zone soil conditions and greenhouse gas fluxes. Micro‐nano aeration and humic acid significantly increased yield and improved fruit quality, with maximum yields of 198.1–205.9 t ha ⁻¹ . Irrigation‐water warming increased single fruit weight by 4% and soluble sugar content by 8%–10%. These responses were associated with improved soil oxygen and water availability and reduced effective salinity. Aeration and humic acid increased CO ₂ and N ₂ O emissions but also promoted CH ₄ uptake. Structural equation modelling showed that soil oxygen and temperature were the main drivers of plant growth and lycopene accumulation. The combined application of warmed irrigation water, micro‐nano aeration and humic acid was an effective strategy for improving processing tomato production in arid regions.

Agricultural greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise year after year, contributing significantly to global warming—an escalating crisis that demands urgent attention. In order to address this issue, it is crucial to investigate the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions from farmland and crop yield and quality through comprehensive regulation of the soil micro-environment by inputting water, fertilizer, gas, and heat. Therefore, we conducted field experiments in 2024 to examine the effects of different water, fertilizer, gas, and heat conditions on the yield, quality, greenhouse gas emissions, net global warming potential (NGWP), and greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI) of processing tomatoes in Xinjiang, China. This study established two irrigation water temperatures (T0: the local irrigation water temperature, approximately 10–15 °C; and T1: warming irrigation, 20–25 °C), two humic acid application rates (H0: 0% and H1: 0.5%, % as a percentage of total fertilizer application), and three aeration methods (A0: no aeration, A1: Venturi aerated, and A2: micro–nano aerated) during the growth period. The results showed that the number of fruits per hectare (NP), vitamin C (VC) content, titratable acidity and lycopene content were all significantly increased with increasing temperature, application of 0.5% humic acid, and aeration. Warming has little effect on GHGI, while humic acid application and aeration have significant and extremely significant effects on GHGI. The GHGI of humic acid treatment was 7.70% lower than that of H0, and the GHGI of micro–nano aeration and Venturi aeration treatment was 18.95% and 6.85% lower than that of A0, respectively. We employed a comprehensive evaluation model that focused on overall differences to assess yield, quality, economic benefits, and environmental impact (GHGI, global warming potential). The optimal strategy identified comprised 20–25 °C irrigation, micro–nano aeration, and 0.5% humic acid, which collectively achieved the highest scores in yield, quality, and emission reduction. This study establishes a theoretical and technical foundation for the sustainable and efficient production of tomatoes in the arid regions of Northern Xinjiang.