Ioannis C. Negkakis

The rising demand for environmental accountability has led to the proliferation of green claims in marketing, but also to widespread concerns about greenwashing—the practice of making deceptive or exaggerated environmental claims. This study presents a comprehensive examination of greenwashing in marketing through a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. By analyzing 419 peer-reviewed articles published between 2004 and 2024, we identify key themes, influential publications, and emerging trends within the literature. Our findings reveal how greenwashing strategies affect consumer trust, brand perception, and corporate transparency. We highlight the pervasive effects of greenwashing on marketing ethics and consumer skepticism, while also outlining opportunities for future research to develop more effective regulatory and ethical marketing practices. This work provides valuable insights for marketers, policymakers, and researchers, emphasizing the need for transparency and authenticity in environmental communications to rebuild consumer trust and promote genuine sustainability efforts.

This study examines the effects of capital lease arrangements on the operating performance of shipping firms as proxied by Return on Assets (ROA). The maritime industry is highly capital-intensive, often requiring substantial investments in fleet acquisition and maintenance, making ROA particularly relevant as it captures the effectiveness of firms in utilizing their leased and owned assets to generate operating income. As such, many firms rely on lease arrangements to access necessary resources while preserving liquidity and financial flexibility. Using an international sample of 209 shipping firms, we estimate fixed effects regressions to assess the relationship between lease intensity and performance of the shipping firms. The findings reveal that capital lease intensity is positively associated with operating performance, indicating that leasing can be a value-enhancing financing strategy in this sector. However, the performance benefits of capital leases diminish under IFRS 16 reporting, particularly for firms with higher leverage. These findings offer important implications for investors, regulators, and managers evaluating capital structure decisions and financial reporting strategies in capital-intensive industries post-IFRS 16 implementation.