Lihong Guo

The convergence of intelligent computational innovations—exemplified by cognitive intelligence—into the real economy is fundamentally transforming traditional industries and driving high-quality development. As a cornerstone of national economic growth, the energy sector faces mounting pressure to meet demands for green, low-carbon, and sustainable development, particularly under “dual carbon” targets and tightening regulatory frameworks. This study examines how digital transformation in this sector facilitates or impedes carbon emission reduction and green growth. Focusing on five key energy subsectors, including coal mining and processing, a coupling coordination model assesses the interaction between digitalization and greening. Utilizing panel data spanning from 2014 to 2023, the study systematically evaluates the level of digital–green coordination across the sector. The results indicate notable inter-sectoral variation, alongside a consistent upward trend in the overall coupling coordination, reaching moderate to high levels. These findings offer critical strategic insights for policymakers and energy enterprises seeking to harmonize digital innovation with green transition goals. The empirical evidence underscores the potential of next-generation technologies to expedite intelligent system upgrades, embed green development practices, and enhance enterprise-level carbon reduction and sustainability performance.