Ali Bux

This study investigates how CEO entrepreneurial orientation drives technology-based corporate sustainable development (CSD) in small and medium-sized mining enterprises (SMEs). Drawing on innovation and technology management perspectives, green product innovation (GPI) is conceptualized as a strategic technological capability that enables sustainability in environmentally intensive industries. Survey data were collected from 301 executives and senior managers of Pakistani mining SMEs and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that CEO entrepreneurial orientation has a significant direct effect on CSD and indirect effects through Green Product Innovation and employees’ green commitment. Green Product Innovation plays a dominant mediating role, highlighting the importance of technology-oriented innovation decisions in translating entrepreneurial leadership into sustainable outcomes. The study contributes to the innovation and technology management literature by explaining how leadership-driven green innovation capabilities support sustainability in resource-intensive SMEs.

This study advances current understanding of technology-enabled language education by proposing an integrated innovation-driven framework that links Digital Literacy (DLI), Knowledge Sharing (KS), and Digital Leadership (DL) to Digital Learning Engagement and, ultimately, to Chinese Language Learning Performance among international students in China. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Social Cognitive Theory, the model conceptualizes digital engagement as an innovation adoption mechanism and classroom management (CM) as a contextual enhancer of learning performance. Employing a large-scale survey of 1,148 students across major Chinese universities and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study demonstrates that DL is the strongest antecedent of engagement, followed by DLI and KS. Engagement significantly mediates the relationships between all three predictors and learning performance, while effective CM strengthens the engagement–performance pathway. The model explains 50.2% of the variance in digital engagement and 35.2% in language performance, indicating substantial predictive power. The study contributes to innovation and technology management literature by reframing digital language learning as an organizational innovation ecosystem shaped by individual competencies, collaborative dynamics, and leadership practices. Managerially, the findings emphasize the necessity for universities to invest in DL capacity, build knowledge-sharing cultures, and design digitally managed learning environments to improve international students’ language outcomes.

This study investigates the organizational factors influencing technological readiness for Artificial Intelligence (AI) adoption, using a theoretical lens grounded in Sociotechnical Systems Theory (STS). A survey of 210 participants from educational and industrial institutions in China was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results confirm that AI adoption significantly enhances organizational efficiency and employee engagement, which in turn mediate its impact on technological readiness. By incorporating mediation analysis, the study provides a nuanced understanding of the indirect mechanisms through which AI adoption influences readiness, offering both theoretical and managerial insights for AI-enabled transformation. The integration of STS and rigorous empirical modeling presents a methodologically sound and practically relevant contribution to the field.

In the current era of a dynamic environment, organizations need to continuously innovate and transform to remain competitive. Digital transformation is an essential driver across organizations, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), reshaping organizational agility. This research examines the interconnection among knowledge sharing, digital transformation, open innovation, organizational agility, and transformational leadership. A quantitative research design was employed, using an online survey with data collected from 543 participants selected through a stratified random sampling from SMEs in China. Data were analyzed by utilizing partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results include a significant impact of knowledge sharing on digital transformation, digital transformation on open innovation, and open innovation on organizational agility. Additionally, digital transformation and open innovation were found to significantly mediate the relationship between knowledge sharing and open innovation and organizational agility. Moreover, transformational leadership significantly moderated the impact of digital transformation on open innovation. The model explained 67.7% of the variation in organizational agility. The research provides a holistic model for SMEs aiming to leverage information sharing, technological integration, and leadership practice to improve flexible and innovative systems, contributing to theoretical understanding and practical solutions to sustainable resilience.