Juan Ariel Insaurralde

The expansion and intensification of agriculture are widely recognized as major drivers of biodiversity loss. While research has primarily focused on deforestation frontiers, few studies have linked spatial-temporal land-cover dynamics to the organizational arrangements of agro-industrial supply chains. This study addresses this gap by analyzing land-use systems in the Upper Parana Atlantic Forest in Argentina, a priority biodiversity hotspot. We identify trends and patterns of agricultural and forest land-use change over the past two decades. We interpret these patterns in relation to the territorial integration of agro-industrial supply chains, using secondary data sources. We divided the study area into hexagonal cells of approximately 100 km². Interannual trends in native forest cover and dominant land uses were analyzed from 2000 to 2019. Trends were estimated by regressing the proportional area of land-cover classes derived from the MapBiomas Trinational Atlantic Forest against calendar year. To explore landscape homogenization, we regressed Shannon land-cover diversity indices over time. Our results reveal two contrasting spatial configurations. Some landscapes are dominated by a single land use, showing increasing homogenization. Others maintain a diversity of land uses and remain heterogeneous. These configurations seem closely associated with transaction modalities between primary producers and agro-industrial actors. In turn, these arrangements influence their impacts on native forest cover and habitat conservation outside protected areas. Understanding how agro-industrial supply chains are territorially embedded is critical for identifying incentives to foster more sustainable land-use trajectories and support biodiversity conservation, like the design of effective governance systems for Other Effective Area-Based Conservation Measures (OECMs).

In the current climate emergency, enhancing resilience and developing sustainable urban models represents an ongoing challenge, based on a solid theoretical framework to support various management and planning strategies for the territorial organization of cities. The global environmental agenda systematized in international treaties and agreements provides a comprehensive framework for the development of urban resilience policies across multiple levels of government. This article integrates three analytical axes: (1) the conceptualization of Urban green infrastructure (UGI) and Urban ecosystem services (UES) from an ecosystem-based solutions approach, and their interconnection with urban resilience planning processes; (2) the analysis of how the theoretical frameworks of the global environmental agenda are incorporated across different levels of government (national, provincial, and municipal), examining their application in urban planning public policies and their alignment with the climate agenda and the concepts of UGI and UES; (3) the comparison between the normative analysis and the perspectives and conceptual constructions of the actors involved in the process of regulation management and enforcement, as well as in the production of knowledge and professional practice. This study employs a multilevel case study approach, examining national environmental regulations in Argentina, and subnational policy frameworks in Córdoba Province. It is concluded that,at the subnational level, regulations are outdated and unharmonized in comparison to global theoretical frameworks. Moreover, public policy managers lack technical skills and there is absence of ecological criteria for participation in the planning and design processes of UGI.

En las últimas décadas, la provincia del Chaco ha experimentado una intensa expansión del frente agropecuario con la transformación de las coberturas naturales por coberturas antropogénicas. Este proceso ha generado conflictos por la tenencia de la tierra, desplazamientos de población y alteraciones ambientales, particularmente en la dinámica espacial de las coberturas y en la fragmentación del paisaje por uso del fuego como técnica para la transformación. En este contexto, el presente estudio analiza la distribución temporal y espacial de los focos de calor registrados entre 2001 y 2021, a partir de los datos obtenidos por el sensor Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. Se aplicaron métodos geoestadísticos para identificar patrones de agrupamiento y tendencias en diversos sectores del área de estudio. Los resultados revelan la existencia de zonas estables con mayor concentración de eventos de focos de calor en el sector centro sur del área de estudio. Además, se identificaron los meses en los que fueron más frecuentes los focos de calor, determinando una marcada estacionalidad. El análisis comparativo con las coberturas espaciales indica que la cobertura leñosa ha sido la más afectada a lo largo del periodo analizado.

Los Sensores Remotos se han convertido en los últimos tiempos en una herramienta importante para la planificación territorial, debido a la originalidad metodológica con la cual operan y el amplio espectro de observación de la superficie terrestre. El número de algoritmos disponibles en la literatura científica, permiten tratar individualmente muchas de las coberturas terrestres y caracterizarlas en base a su comportamiento espectral.En el presente trabajo se han aplicado dos métodos de clasificación de imágenes: árboles de decisión o reglas y clasificación no supervisada. También se han calculado índices de vegetación y de agua (NDVI y MNDWI), para identificar las coberturas y generar cartografía temática que sirva como base para posteriores estudios. Además, se ha elaborado la matriz de confusión con el fin de determinar la validez de la clasificación obtenida.Como resultado, se han obtenidos coberturas de vegetación, urbano, cursos y cuerpos de agua, clasificados a partir de técnicas oportunamente mencionadas, que brindan una fiabilidad global del orden del 61%, y si se consideran de manera individual (urbano y cuerpos y cursos de agua), las mismas alcanzan una precisión superior al 70%.