Antonio Giovannetti

The deployment of green hydrogen production is increasingly considered a strategic opportunity for energy-exporting countries. However, beyond technological and environmental aspects, large-scale industrial projects may generate complex and uncertain social and economic impacts at the regional level. This study investigates the potential social implications of introducing a green hydrogen production plant in the Department of Paysandú, Uruguay, using a System Dynamics modeling approach. It proposes an initial system model designed to establish a foundational Modeling and Simulation framework. The model explicitly represents feedback mechanisms linking public finance, education, labor competencies, productivity, and social behavior impact, allowing the exploration of long-term socio-economic trajectories under alternative institutional and policy conditions. It is used as an exploratory decision-support tool to assess conditional pathways, trade-offs, and risks. Results indicate that positive social outcomes, such as human capital accumulation and regional income growth, are possible but not automatic; they depend critically on governance capacity, fiscal sustainability, labor market coordination, and social acceptance, and may be attenuated or delayed under adverse scenarios. While this framework provides a strategic engineering lens on the social dimension, it represents a first step toward a comprehensive decision-making tool. The study analyzes a complex system by integrating energy, production, economic, social, and environmental aspects from strategic engineering lens and contributes to the literature by integrating social dimension and institutional constraints into a Modeling and Simulation framework applied to green hydrogen industrialization, offering insights into policy design under uncertainty in emerging energy-export contexts.

Maritime transportation plays a vital role in international trade and commerce, with ports serving as critical points of connection between land and sea transportation systems. The operational efficiency of port facilities is essential to ensure the uninterrupted flow of goods and services, making port safety a top priority for governments, authorities, and shipping companies. Due to the importance of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) within port environments, it is crucial to develop a structured framework in order to collect and analyze port accidents data. Today there are several different national agencies, private organizations, and/or local regulatory bodies taking charge of these data over different areas, each with variations in how they document and classify the events; in addition these are frequently limited to only major disasters and/or summary statistics. This paper aims to create a general framework to collect and fuse open-source port accident data from different sources in a structured way and to analyze the safety conditions of port facilities by conducting a comparative evaluation based on design of experiment (DoE). Through this analysis, we identify common causes of accidents and injuries in port facilities, as well as any differences in safety conditions across regions, types of port facilities, and other relevant factors. This information can be used to inform policies and practices aimed at improving port safety, reducing accidents and injuries, and ultimately enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of maritime transportation systems. The motivation to develop this research relies on the necessity to define requirements for the development of innovative solutions to be developed by the authors using modeling and simulation (M&S) and XR (extended reality) in order to increase safety in these contexts.