Oleg Mykytiuk

The study focuses on models of environmentally oriented development to support decision-making in business ecosystems (BE). The goal is to show the relationship between technical greening measures and BE performance results. The study's stages include the characteristics of BE; evaluation of greening measures and their impact on functioning; construction of factor-analysis models of technical greening and BE efficiency; determination of validation criteria based on elasticity indicators; and justification of the feasibility of the proposed methodology for decision support in BE. The methodology is based on the conceptualisation of BE, the construction of “input-output” models, the calculation of the integral indices ITGI and IBEEEI, factor/regression analysis, and elasticity assessment (point and arc). For an energy company, the most significant ITGI parameters are the share of new equipment with reduced noise and lower water discharge. The results of BE greening depend significantly on environmental costs and payments to support the ecobalance. The average annual growth rate of ITGI exceeds that of IBEEEI, indicating a lag between implementation and results; the nonlinear nature of the relationship is confirmed. The arc elasticity index indicates a moderate average sensitivity of IBEEEI to changes in ITGI, while the point elasticities reflect greater volatility in response to shocks. The study confirmed the presence of a measurable, but lagging and nonlinear relationship between technical greening and the results of greening the business ecosystem. This makes the constructed models an effective tool for supporting management decisions in sustainable development. The practical value lies in the proposed methodology for assessing internal drivers of business ecosystem efficiency in alignment with external challenges, enabling the systematic evaluation of environmental initiatives, their effectiveness, and their integration into digital decision-support systems for monitoring sustainable transformations.

The article examines the problem of energy efficiency in residential buildings in the context of contemporary transformations of energy systems and the increasing requirements for sustainable development. It is substantiated that in modern scientific research energy efficiency is interpreted as a multidimensional concept that goes beyond the purely technical reduction of energy consumption and encompasses technical, economic, organizational, behavioral, and qualitative characteristics of building and energy system performance. The aim of the study is to substantiate a systemsbased approach to energy efficiency management of residential buildings and to develop a comprehensive methodological framework that allows energy efficiency to be considered as an integrated characteristic of system performance. The paper proposes a methodological framework for assessing the energy efficiency of residential buildings based on ontological modeling as a tool for knowledge formalization and structuring. The methodology relies on the analysis of final and primary energy consumption indicators, the examination of energy use structure, and the integrated interpretation of results within a unified conceptual model. The application of the proposed approach provides a robust analytical basis for energy auditing, supports informed prioritization of energy efficiency measures, and enhances decision-making at different levels of residential energy efficiency management. The study emphasizes that effective energy efficiency management requires a systems-based approach, which makes it possible to consider a residential building as an integrated system with interrelated components rather than as a set of isolated technical elements. Within such an approach, energy efficiency is treated as an integral characteristic of system functioning, where changes in individual parameters generate cascading effects through cause-effect relationships among technical, economic, and behavioral subsystems. The results contribute to the development of more coherent and transparent energy efficiency policies and practices in the housing sector. The application of the proposed approach provides an analytical basis for energy auditing and for the justified prioritization of energy efficiency measures at different levels of energy efficiency management in the residential sector.