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Objectives: This study evaluated the association of patient age and preoperative prostate MRI-derived anatomical parameters with postoperative urinary incontinence (UI) and urinary continence (UC) recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Methods: We retrospectively included 118 patients who underwent RARP between 2022 and 2024 and had preoperative prostate MRI. Patient age and continence status at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were obtained from medical records. Levator ani muscle (LAM), obturator internus muscle (OIM), and pubococcygeus muscle thicknesses were measured at their thickest points on axial and coronal T2-weighted images. Membranous urethral width (MUW), length (MUL), and angle (MUA) were measured, and prostate volume was calculated. UC was defined as no pad use or one safety pad per day (used for reassurance or for occasional minimal drops of urine), whereas UI was defined as the use of one or more pads per day that became wet because of urine leakage. Associations were evaluated using group comparisons, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and exploratory Cox and logistic regression models. Results: UC rates at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were 32.2%, 54.2%, 73.7%, and 91.5%, respectively, while 8.5% of patients remained incontinent at 12 months. At 3 months, patients with UC differed significantly from those with UI in age, MUA, and LAM thickness. Comparisons among patients who achieved UC at different postoperative time points and those with UI at 12 months demonstrated significant differences in LAM thickness, MUL, and MUA (all p < 0.05). In multivariable Cox regression, higher MUA (hazard ratio [HR] 1.43 per 10°), thicker LAM (coronal HR 1.30 and axial HR 1.28 per mm), and younger age (HR 0.85 per 5 years) were associated with earlier continence recovery, whereas MUL was not. Prostate volume, MUW, and pubococcygeus muscle thickness were not associated with continence outcomes. Conclusions: Preoperative MRI-derived anatomical parameters, particularly MUA and LAM thickness, together with patient age, were associated with urinary continence recovery after RARP, and the associations of MUA and LAM thickness remained significant after multivariable adjustment in the time-to-event analysis. These exploratory findings are hypothesis-generating; clinical confounders could not be accounted for, and validation in prospective studies is required before these parameters can be considered for clinical use.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV)in asymptomatic men who presented to our hospital for a medical report, using posteroanterior chest radiographs and plain radiographs of the urinary system, and to compare the results with the current literature.Materials and methods: Between January 2022 and March 2024, the posteroanterior chest (CXR)and plain radiographs of the urinary system (KUB)of 1593 men who presented for a medical report were retrospectively examined. All costae were assessed on the chest radiographs, and all lumbar vertebrae, the 12th rib, and the lumbosacral junction were evaluated on the urinary system radiographs. A total of 1490 cases were included in the study. The identified lumbosacral transitional vertebrae were classified according to Castellvi's classification, and their prevalence was determined.Results: The age range of the 1490 cases included in the study was 18-45 years, with an average age of 27.7 ± 5 years.The prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebra was found to be 23.1%, with the prevalence of lumbarization at 4.8% and sacralization at 18.3%.In 344 cases (23.1%), lumbosacral transitional vertebra was observed, of which sacralization was detected in 272 cases (18.3%) and lumbarization in 72 cases (4.8%). Conclusion: Our study observed that lumbosacral transitional vertebra is a relatively common variant.

Percutaneous needle access is a critical step in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Supine PCNL, favored for its anesthetic and physiological benefits, can be performed using various puncture techniques. This study compared the efficacy and radiation safety of monoplanar, cross-table bull's-eye, and a combined ultrasound (US)-fluoroscopy-guided access technique for supine PCNL. Between January 2021 and March 2025, 130 patients undergoing supine PCNL were reviewed in three groups: monoplanar (Group A, n = 41), cross-table bull's-eye (Group B, n = 45), and combined US-fluoroscopy (Group C, n = 44). In Group C, pre-procedural US established a cognitive vectorial roadmap to determine needle trajectory and depth. Punctures were performed under 0° fluoroscopy, with on-demand refinements using 0-30° rotation and cephalad angulation for depth verification. Perioperative outcomes and radiation times were compared. Total operative time, stone-free (SF) rates, complications, blood transfusion rates, creatinine (Cr) change, hemoglobin (Hb) loss, nephrostomy and hospital stay did not differ significantly among groups (p > 0.05). However, mean fluoroscopy time for successful puncture was significantly lower in the combined US-fluoroscopy group (26.59 s) compared to monoplanar (42.82 s) and cross-table bull's-eye (40.62 s) techniques (p < 0.001). The combined US-fluoroscopy-guided technique is feasible for supine PCNL and significantly reduces radiation exposure. By integrating US-derived cognitive planning with on-demand fluoroscopic verification, this hybrid approach facilitates efficient needle puncture without compromising procedural precision or clinical success. It serves as a valuable alternative for optimizing radiation safety in urologic practice.

Our aim is to investigate the relationship between the MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) features of non-mass enhancement (NME) lesions and malignancy. MRI findings of 200 and 2 NME lesions were retrospectively evaluated. Age, family history of breast cancer, lesion pathology results, and follow-up durations of the patients were obtained from medical records. Based on follow-up findings and pathology results, the lesions were classified into 3 groups as benign, high-risk, and malignant. The association between these groups and MRI features was analyzed statistically. Segmental (48.4%) and diffuse (85.7%) distribution patterns, as well as clumped (51.5%) and clustered ring (100%) enhancement patterns of NME lesions, were found to be associated with malignant lesions. According to the time-intensity curve, a Type 3 curve was associated with malignant lesions in 84.6% of cases. When evaluating the number of dynamic curves, lesions with multiple curves were considered malignant in 29.2% of cases. Regarding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, malignant and high-risk lesions had significantly lower ADC values compared to benign lesions. In this study, segmental and diffuse distribution patterns, clumped and clustered ring enhancement, Type 3 curve, and low ADC values were found to be associated with malignant lesions.

Objectives: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is an uncommon, benign, chronic inflammatory breast disease that frequently mimics carcinoma both clinically and radiologically, posing diagnostic challenges. While classical imaging manifestations have been described, the full spectrum of MRI features remains incompletely characterized. This study aimed to identify and characterize novel MRI descriptors of histopathologically confirmed IGM and assess their reproducibility and potential clinical implications. Methods: In this retrospective single‐center study, 45 consecutive women with biopsy‐proven IGM were evaluated using 1.5 T breast MRI. Imaging protocols included T2‐weighted fat‐suppressed, T1‐weighted, diffusion‐weighted, and dynamic contrast‐enhanced sequences. Two experienced radiologists, blinded to clinical and pathological data, independently reviewed all cases for classical and novel MRI features. Interobserver agreement was assessed using raw agreement and Cohen’s κ statistics. Associations between imaging descriptors and clinical‐demographic variables were tested with nonparametric methods. Results: The most common MRI pattern was a heterogeneously enhancing mass with concomitant nonmass enhancement (NME) (75.6%), followed by rim‐enhancing microabscesses (62.2%) and isolated NME (48.9%). Four novel MRI features were identified: spherical transformation of mammary fat lobules (62.2%), disruption of fibroglandular tissue architecture (73.3%), ring‐like enhancement with asymmetric wall morphology (46.6%), and nipple‐areolar complex retraction (11.1%). Interobserver reproducibility was high ( κ = 0.786–1.000; raw agreement > 90%). Novel descriptors, particularly spherical lobule transformation, fibroglandular disruption, and ring‐like enhancement, were strongly associated with NME (all p < 0.001), but not with age or lesion laterality. Conclusion: These imaging descriptors may contribute to a better radiologic understanding of the morphological manifestations of IGM and may assist radiologists in recognizing imaging patterns associated with granulomatous inflammation. However, given the retrospective design and absence of a comparative cohort, these findings should be considered exploratory and hypothesis‐generating.

Araknoid kistler, serebrospinal sıvı ile dolu, iyi huylu ve çoğunlukla insidental olarak saptanan intrakraniyal kistik lezyonlardır. Tüm intrakraniyal kitlelerin yaklaşık %1’ini oluşturan bu lezyonlar, en sık olarak orta kranial fossada, özellikle temporal lob komşuluğunda görülür ve pediatrik popülasyonda daha belirgindir. Araknoid kistlerin tanısında radyolojik görüntüleme temel rol oynar. BT ‘de genellikle BOS yoğunluğunda, düzgün sınırlı kistik bir yapı gösterirken, MRG ‘de tüm sekanslarda BOS sinyal intensitesini taklit eden, FLAIR’ da tamamen baskılanan, kontrast tutulumu ve difüzyon kısıtlaması göstermeyen karakteristik bir görünüm sunar. Ayırıcı tanıda mega sisterna magna, epidermoid ve dermoid kistler, porensefalik kistler, colloid kistler ve subdural koleksiyonlar gibi yapılar değerlendirilmelidir. Ayırıcı tanı özellikle difüzyon MRG, FLAIR sekansı ve T1/T2 sinyal özelliklerine dayanır. Tedavide temel yaklaşım klinik semptomlara göre belirlenir. Asemptomatik olgular konservatif olarak takip edilirken; artmış kafa içi basıncı, nöbet, hidrosefali veya kompresyon bulgularının eşlik ettiği semptomatik olgularda cerrahi tedavi gündeme gelir. Günümüzde endoskopik fenestrasyon minimal invaziv, güvenli ve etkili bir yöntem olarak ön planda yer almaktadır. Bu bölüm, araknoid kistlerin tanı, görüntüleme bulguları, ayırıcı tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımlarına ilişkin güncel literatürü özetlemektedir.

Beyin metastazları, sistemik kanserlerin en sık görülen intrakraniyal yayılım şeklidir. MRG’de çevresel kontrastlanan, ödemle çevrili lezyonlar şeklinde izlenir. Diffüzyon ve perfüzyon özellikleri primer tümöre göre değişkenlik gösterebilir. Tedavide cerrahi, radyocerrahi ve sistemik tedaviler kombine olarak uygulanır.

Prevalence of mesenteric panniculitis in patients with urinary system calculi and identify factors, such as hydronephrosis and calculus location, that might be associated with the presence of mesenteric panniculitis. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective observational study, the prevalence of mesenteric panniculitis was determined in 692 patients with urolithiasis using non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging between 2017 and 2020. The grade of hydronephrosis and the level of urinary calculi were recorded for each patient, and statistical analysis was performed to assess the link between these features and mesenteric panniculitis. Results: The prevalence of mesenteric panniculitis in patients with urolithiasis was 6.35% and it was associated with the presence of hydronephrosis. It was more common in patients who had both ureterolithiasis and nephrolithiasis with no statistically significant difference regarding in age, gender, or the presence of either only nephrolithiasis or only ureterolithiasis. Conclusion: Mesenteric panniculitis is more common in patients with both ureterolithiasis and nephrolithiasis and can be easily diagnosed with non-contrast computed tomography imaging. Because the mesentery and urinary system share a common lymphatic drainage system, increased lymphatic drainage due to hydronephrosis has been shown to contribute to the development of mesenteric panniculitis.