Svetlana G. Erofeeva

Aim. To evaluate lipid metabolism dynamics by switch from inclisiran to alirocumab in the setting of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Materials and methods. 26 patients survived ACS with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 4.0 mmol/L during hospitalization were included. All patients were prescribed inclisiran within 6 months after ACS. Each patient received it at least twice. All patients were expected to undergo an unplanned switch from inclisiran to alirocumab due to logistical reasons. All patients gave consent to participate in the study. Eight visits were conducted to assess LDL-C levels: 3 and 1 month before the end of inclisiran therapy, on the day of the first alirocumab injection and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 months after the start of alirocumab therapy. Results. LDL-C values (Me [Q1; Q3]) during the inclisiran treatment period (visits 1–3) were 1.34 [0.55; 1.41], 1.44 [0.53; 2.00], 1.67 [1.08; 1.96] mmol/l and during alirocumab treatment (visits 4–8) – 1.10 [0.61; 1.55], 0.95 [0.69; 1.40], 1.01 [0.86; 1.55], 0.88 [0.71; 1.53], 0.87 [0.70; 1.22] mmol/l (p = 0.002). The first administration of alirocumab at visit 3 was associated with the greatest reduction in LDL-C over the month (-34.1%; p = 0.001). Conclusion. The switch from inclisiran to alirocumab in post-ACS patients resulted in a rapid LDL-C reduction without any adverse events.

Aim. To evaluate the effect of the initiation time of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) with the use of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (iPCSK9) inhibitor alirocumab on the incidence of adverse outcomes during 18-month follow-up after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Materials and methods. Two groups of patients were observed. In both groups iPCSK9 alirocumab was prescribed within a year after ACS as part of multicomponent LLT: Group 1 (n=20) – alirocumab therapy was started 3 or more months after ACS, Group 2 (n=18) – alirocumab was started up to 3 months after ACS. Control visits were performed at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after ACS to assess the character of LLT, long-term outcomes and dynamics of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results. In groups 1 and 2, the proportions of those who achieved the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol after 6 and 12 months, respectively, were 40.0 and 83.3% (p=0.008), 55.0 and 88.9% (p=0.024). A more than three-fold decrease in the need for rehospitalizations for any and cardiovascular reasons was noted among patients with an earlier start of PCSK9-targeted therapy. The need for cardiovascular hospitalizations directly correlated with the period (number of months) before alirocumab was prescribed (R=0.44; p=0.006). Conclusion. The use of alirocumab as a part of outpatient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LLT provides a powerful corrective effect on the lipid profile, as well as an improvement in long-term outcomes after ACS. The positive results of this therapy are especially noticeable when it is started within 3 months after the cardiovascular event.