Mohamed Amellal

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from traditional foods are a useful source of natural biopreservatives. This study isolated and characterized indigenous LAB from goat meat produced in the argan grove ecosystem of the Souss-Massa region, Morocco, to identify strains that could improve food safety and shelf life. LAB were isolated under anaerobic conditions and screened by Gram staining, catalase test, growth profiling, and biochemical assays. Proteolytic, gelatinase, and hemolytic activity were assessed, together with antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens by agar well diffusion. The most promising strains were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The selected isolates belonged to Latilactobacillus and Enterococcus. Several isolates strongly inhibited Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and none were hemolytic or gelatinase-positive. The sustained inhibition even after neutralization of pH suggested that the antimicrobial effects might be mediated by bacteriocin-like compounds or other non-acidic metabolites. In the strains tested, L. sakei MG4013 gave the best results because of its wide range of antimicrobial activity and absence of hemolytic, gelatinase, proteolytic and lipolytic activities. Goat meat from the Souss-Massa region therefore harbours LAB with biopreservative potential, with potential for use as natural preservatives in traditional meat products or as starter cultures in fermented foods. However, before being used as natural preservatives or starter cultures, they need to be further validated in food matrices.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are valuable natural bio-preservatives due to their ability to produce antimicrobial compounds such as organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocins. This study aimed to isolate and characterize LAB from Moroccan camel meat and evaluate their antimicrobial potential against major foodborne pathogens. From 2304 isolates obtained from fresh, fermented, and dried camel meat, 115 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica Enteritidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Seven isolates demonstrated broad-spectrum activity with inhibition zones ranging from 15 to 30 mm. Physiological and biochemical tests, combined with API 20 Strep identification, revealed that most isolates belonged to Enterococcus faecium. These isolates are promising candidates for natural preservation of camel meat, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic preservatives. These findings highlight the potential of camel-meat-associated lactic acid bacteria as natural, clean-label bio-preservatives, particularly in arid regions where camel meat serves as a vital protein source and limited cold-chain infrastructure increases the risk of spoilage.