Jean-Philippe Plançon

Dysimmune inflammatory neuropathies (DINs), including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), are rare immune-mediated disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with substantial diagnostic, therapeutic, functional, psychosocial, and policy-related unmet needs. This narrative review synthesises published evidence, clinical guidance, and patient-perspective inputs to characterise the European DIN patient pathway and identify priorities for improved care. The review highlights persistent challenges in early recognition, differential diagnosis, timely treatment initiation, long-term immunoglobulin use optimisation, rehabilitation, outcome measurement, and patient engagement. It also identifies important inequities in access to immunoglobulin therapy and emerging treatments, driven by plasma supply constraints, heterogeneous reimbursement criteria, affordability barriers, and inconsistent implementation of evidence-based care. Addressing these gaps will require harmonised DIN care pathways, systematic use of patient-reported outcomes, integrated rehabilitation, strengthened plasma supply resilience, real-world evidence generation, and structured patient involvement in clinical, regulatory, reimbursement, and policy processes. A coordinated European approach could improve outcomes for patients with DINs and provide a model for patient-centred policy reform in rare neurological diseases.