Pharmacological Uses of New Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Plants

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Abstract
The medicinal plants have enormous bioactive chemicals and could be used to cure diseases. They can also be good substitutes for the conventional drugs in contemporary health conditions. This is an extensive study that reflects the broad scope of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants and their health use, especially against antibiotic-resistant and other infections. Most prominent of these are flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, terpenoids, which are alkaloids, coumarins, essential oils and polypeptides. The works have different functionality. These phytochemicals are phenomenal because of their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties. Curcumin, allicin and berberine, etc. have proven to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, as well as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, making them promising to provide alternative antimicrobials. The new advances in computational strategies and network pharmacology have contributed to the revelation of the multi-targeted activities of agents such as rosmarinic acid against prostate cancer by invoking a number of regulatory processes. Although there exists massive potential, there is the problem of standardization, environmentally friendly production and bioavailability. Using modern analysis and findings in biotechnology with natural ethnobotanical practice could lead to new therapy agents. This overview generaliser existing information about medicinal plants as a source of new bioactive agents, analysis of their pharmacological use, mechanisms of action and prospects of their use in the development of drugs.

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