INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS AND MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS IN INTERNATIONAL ANTI-CARTEL COOPERATION IN AGRICULTURE

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Abstract
The article explores institutional barriers to effective international anti-cartel cooperation in agriculture and proposes management solutions to overcome them. Based on an analysis of the practice of investigating cross-border cartels in the agro-industrial complex, OECD data, ECE reports and decisions on high-profile cases (including the "vitamin cartel" and the seed cartel), the authors identified four groups of institutional barriers: legal (differences in definitions, sanctions and approaches to qualification), procedural (restrictions on the exchange of confidential information, differences in standards of evidence), resource (asymmetry of financing and staffing of antitrust authorities) and political (pressure on regulators, protectionism). Proposed author's classification of barriers and quantitative assessment of their impact at the stages of investigation with differentiation by groups of countries. A management model has been developed for the transition from disparate memorandums of understanding to a systematic global network of antimonopoly response in the agro-industrial complex. The priority of procedural harmonization over the unification of substantive law as the most effective short-term tool for increasing the effectiveness of cooperation is justified. The results can be used to improve the regulatory framework of the EAEU, develop model models of cooperation agreements and form priorities for technical assistance to developing countries.