Aleksandr Vasil'EVich Kurdyumov

This study includes monitoring of current trends, identification and analysis of factors affecting the modern meat market in the region and proposals to change the situation on the ground. The purpose of the study is to analyse the meat market and prices in the Sverdlovsk region; identify the factors (reasons) for the changes, make proposals to solve the problems of the meat livestock industry aimed at achieving a normalization of the situation on the meat market, increasing the region's self-sufficiency in this product and increasing the country's food security. The main reasons for the acceleration of price growth in the Sverdlovsk region lie in the increase in the costs of producers and suppliers of goods and services, as well as a decrease in the supply of certain food products. Thus, food inflation in the Sverdlovsk region became the highest among the regions of the Ural Federal District. The authors focused on the following factors affecting prices on the meat market in the Sverdlovsk region in 2025: an increase in the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and an increase in production costs; increase in utility tariffs and the cost of transport services; reducing the supply of individual food products; cost of resources; weather and climatic conditions; prices for substitute goods; livestock cycles; seasonality. Based on the analysis of the meat market of the Sverdlovsk region, the authors formulated problems in the industry - reducing production and logistics costs, as well as the problem of reducing meat prices. To solve the existing problems of beef farming, the authors proposed solutions.

The article explores institutional barriers to effective international anti-cartel cooperation in agriculture and proposes management solutions to overcome them. Based on an analysis of the practice of investigating cross-border cartels in the agro-industrial complex, OECD data, ECE reports and decisions on high-profile cases (including the "vitamin cartel" and the seed cartel), the authors identified four groups of institutional barriers: legal (differences in definitions, sanctions and approaches to qualification), procedural (restrictions on the exchange of confidential information, differences in standards of evidence), resource (asymmetry of financing and staffing of antitrust authorities) and political (pressure on regulators, protectionism). Proposed author's classification of barriers and quantitative assessment of their impact at the stages of investigation with differentiation by groups of countries. A management model has been developed for the transition from disparate memorandums of understanding to a systematic global network of antimonopoly response in the agro-industrial complex. The priority of procedural harmonization over the unification of substantive law as the most effective short-term tool for increasing the effectiveness of cooperation is justified. The results can be used to improve the regulatory framework of the EAEU, develop model models of cooperation agreements and form priorities for technical assistance to developing countries.

Bioactive peptides and proteins can be administered orally. However, this method remains largely ineffective because of enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract, the mucus layer, the selective epithelial barrier, the acidic stomach environment, and a short half-life. As a result, bioactive protein molecules have little prospect as functional food ingredients unless appropriate delivery systems are used. This review describes scientific trends and strategies aimed at solving the problem of the instability of peptides and proteins in the gastrointestinal tract during oral administration. The review analyzed scientific publications on the oral administration, stability, and bioavailability of peptides and proteins in the gastrointestinal tract registered in eLIBRARY.RU, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar between 2020 and 2025 (alongside some fundamental earlier works). Of the 1,346 manually selected publications, the review included 116 articles. Peptides can be encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, liposomes, or polymer nanocarriers. Encapsulation increases stability and bioavailability during oral administration. Cell-penetrating peptides and their integration with various drug carriers create multifunctional delivery systems. Modified living biotherapeutic products are promising carriers for the targeted delivery of peptides and proteins. Novel methods include matrix protein amplification, protease inhibitors, permeability enhancers, chemical modification, and cyclization. The article also describes new cyclic biopeptides, a recombinant protein, and a native antiviral peptide with reliable bioactive properties. The maltodextrin-encapsulated antiviral peptide demonstrated a 1.8-fold increase in intestinal stability in vitro.

The purpose of the article is to develop a concept, describe the mechanism and a comprehensive economic assessment of a pilot project for the introduction of a digital platform for predictive management in the regional agro-industrial complex, aimed at overcoming these problems. The hypothesis of the present study is the assertion that the use of a digital platform as a predictive management tool in the regional agro-industrial complex makes it possible to overcome the restraining factors affecting the development of the industry. Results. The authors proposed a classification of the stages of formation and development of the tools of the basic digital platform of agroanalytics. The analysis of the formation and development of the tools of the basic digital platform of agroanalytics allowed the authors to propose the concept of a digital platform containing promising modules for agribusiness on the example of grain production. The article presents the development and economic justification of a practical project to introduce a digital platform for agro-analytics to improve the forecasting and planning system in the regional agro-industrial complex. The project is seen as a response to the identified shortcomings of traditional forecasting methods and systemic restrictions, primarily logistical bottlenecks that hinder the realization of export potential. On the example of the Krasnodar Territory - a key agrarian and export region - the concept, architecture (modules for predicting yields based on artificial intelligence and logistic optimization), implementation stages and organizational and financial mechanism of implementation are described in detail. The conclusion is formulated that the introduction of such digital solutions is not a technological experiment, but an economically feasible tool for the transition to a predictive management model that forms synergistic institutional, personnel and technological effects to increase the competitiveness of the regional agro-industrial complex.

The article considers the level of economic efficiency of the agro-industrial complex of the Sverdlovsk region. The purpose of the study, based on an analysis of the main indicators characterizing structural imbalances, is to develop recommendations for increasing the economic efficiency of the agro-industrial complex of the Sverdlovsk region. The object of this study is the agro-industrial complex of the Sverdlovsk region, and the subject is business processes that ensure the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Sverdlovsk region and factors affecting them. The methodological aspect of the analysis of the effectiveness of the agro-industrial complex includes a comprehensive assessment that combines quantitative and qualitative indicators that reflect economic and social aspects. The information base is formed on the basis of external (international, regional statistics) and internal sources (reporting by agricultural enterprises). Analysis of the key components of the use of the gross regional product (GRP) of the Sverdlovsk region for the period 2022-2024 was carried out. As part of the assessment of the effectiveness of the agro-industrial complex of the Sverdlovsk region, an analysis of key indicators was carried out including: the structure of municipalities and urban districts; formation of profits and costs of the agro-industrial complex; structure (production) of gross agricultural output of the agro-industrial complex; employment of workers in the agricultural sector; livestock; development of poultry sub-complex. One of the problems identified is the imbalance between production growth and the reduction in the number of employees, which may indicate an increase in labor productivity, but also potential problems with staffing the industry in the long term. In addition, an increase in production and sales costs, despite the growth of gross output, may reduce the profitability of individual farms and require further analysis to identify the reasons for the increase in costs and develop measures to optimize them.

Comparing property tax systems for individuals in Russia and developed countries, the author proposes adopting the strengths of foreign models while preserving the advantages of the domestic approach. The research aims to develop recommendations for improving the legal framework governing tax authorities' activities in monitoring property tax assessment and payment, based on theoretical and legal analysis. The study employs methods of analysis, generalization, observation, classification, systematization, induction, deduction, and review of legislation and scholarly literature. Key findings include original definitions of "tax control," "forms of tax control," and "methods of tax control"; as well as proposals for amending the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and enhancing tax authority practices, exemplified by the Federal Tax Service of Russia for the Verkh-Isetsky District of Yekaterinburg.

В монографии представлены научно-исследовательские материалы известных и начинающих ученых, объединенные основной темой современного видения путей развития права и экономического развития. Монография может быть полезна для руководителей, экономистов, менеджеров, юристов и других работников предприятий и организаций, представителей органов государственной власти и местного самоуправления, преподавателей, аспирантов, магистрантов и студентов высших учебных заведений. Материалы представлены в авторской редакции. Ответственность за приведенные в исследовании экономические данные несут авторы.

The article analyzes the profound structural changes in the agro-industrial complex of Russia in 2022-2024. The focus is on the regions of the Ural Federal District (Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan regions, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District). The factors determining the current state of the agro-industrial complex are considered: state support (subsidies, benefits, national projects), sanctions, digitalization, cooperation and consolidation of farms. It was revealed that despite external pressure and sanctions, the industry is showing steady growth: in 2023, the agricultural production index amounted to 100.2% compared to the previous year. The record grain harvest in 2022 (157.6 million tons) ensured an increase in production, while the decline in 2024 (-3.2% according to the index) was associated with unfavorable weather. There is a multidirectional trend in the Urals: the Kurgan region has become the leader (12.5% growth in agriculture). The strengthening of the role of large enterprises and agricultural holdings was noted: for example, 6.2% of farmland is owned by legal entities (an increase from 3.6% in 2022). At the same time, the share of products in the hands of organizations exceeded 60% (by the end of 2024). Much attention is being paid to digitalization: in 2023. Over 3 billion rubles have been allocated to support it, and by mid-2024, 25-30% of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises have implemented modern IT solutions. The results of the analysis confirm that institutional measures (import substitution programs, support for breeding centers, integration of small and large farms by 2026) contribute to the growth of agricultural efficiency. As a result, the competitiveness of Russian agricultural products increases both in the domestic market and in new foreign markets (especially the BRICS countries).

The subject of the study is the administrative and legal procedure for submitting and reviewing citizens' appeals in one of the state authorities, the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as Rosgvardia or the National Guard Troops). Special attention is paid to the amendments to the Federal Law "On the Procedure for Reviewing Citizens' Appeals in the Russian Federation" that were introduced on December 28, 2024, and came into force on March 30, 2025 (which almost completely eliminated the possibility of submitting citizens' appeals via email and established mandatory identification of applicants when submitting citizens' appeals electronically). The article analyzes the statistics of citizens' appeals submitted to the Russian National Guard and examines the main problems of processing citizens' appeals in the National Guard troops, as well as suggests ways to overcome them. The publication is based on a system of general scientific and special legal methods of scientific cognition, including the use of dialectical, formal-legal, comparative-legal, and systemic methods. The analysis showed a significant increase in the number of citizens' appeals to the National Guard over the past three years, which, on the one hand, demonstrates the existence of problems (with which citizens appeal), and on the other hand, leads to an increase in the workload of officials and complicates the work of qualitatively reviewing and resolving appeals. The rejection of e-mail as a method of receiving citizens' appeals, combined with the need to be authorized through the public services portal, on the one hand, allows for the streamlining of the processing of electronic appeals, eliminating anonymous and mass mailings, and on the other hand, may make it difficult for certain groups of the population to access the electronic channel of interaction with the state. A special group of problems is formed by issues related to the quality of handling appeals, including in the context of the secrecy of certain areas of the National Guard's activities and the lack of effective mechanisms for external control over the quality of responses. To solve this group of problems, it is proposed to regulate repeated and duplicate appeals by law, provide for the possibility of submitting collective electronic appeals, increase administrative liability for violating the procedure for handling appeals, etc.

The goal is to identify the socio-economic effects of the formation of an adaptive model for ensuring competition in the agricultural technology solutions market, taking into account the formation by large business structures of a vertically integrated full-cycle business with global value chains. The hypothesis of this study is the statement that in the structure of analysis and assessment of the presence of barriers to market entry that affect the development of competition in the market of the grain sub-complex, the factor of the presence (absence) of agricultural technological solutions (digital platforms (programs)) should be taken into account. The authors of this study came to the conclusion that the formation of a highly integrated market for agrotechnological business solutions of economic entities has been completed, which over the past decades has undergone a multi-stage transformation at the level of agricultural production facilities. These changes would not be sustainable without the intensification of technological progress associated with the behavior of economic entities through a change in the business model of economic activity. Taking into account the possible risks for the national economy, the regulator needs to monitor the transactions of economic entities for the merger of businesses affecting the agrotechnological solutions market in relation to the creation of large business structures in the format of a vertically integrated full-cycle business with global value chains. In order to identify the factors that form the attitude of farmers (406 respondents) in the grain sub-complex market to the business strategy (purchase of raw materials, level of competition, own production), determine barriers to market entry, as well as substantiate conclusions, the authors conducted a survey of economic entities of the Ural Federal District by means of a sociological survey. To commercialize the achieved results of domestic breeding, it is necessary not only to ensure effective interaction of all participants and links in the seed production system, but also, through the modernization of material, technical and technological equipment, to create new generation proposals with widespread use of big data analytics, artificial intelligence, genomic editing and microbiology. A domestic agricultural producer without building a vertically integrated full-cycle business to compete with foreign companies.