Metabolic and renal factors associated with plasma phosphorylated tau analytes used to detect Alzheimer's disease pathology

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Abstract
Introduction: We examined the extent to which insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and kidney function are associated with plasma phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) concentrations (p‐tau181, p‐tau217, p‐tau231) in the same cohort and the contribution of these factors on amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) concordance and longitudinal p‐tau levels. Methods: We analyzed data from 287 participants using partial Spearman rho, Mann–Whitney U , receiver operating characteristic analysis, and linear mixed models. Results: Concordance between plasma p‐tau217 and amyloid PET was not influenced by IR or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Accounting for eGFR improved concordance of p‐tau181 and p‐tau231 with amyloid PET. Age, binarized waist‐to‐hip ratio, and amyloid status were associated with all longitudinal p‐tau concentrations, and eGFR associated with longitudinal p‐tau231. Discussion: Metabolic factors may influence the interpretation of longitudinal plasma p‐tau concentrations and kidney function may influence amyloid PET concordance for p‐tau181 and p‐tau231, potentially necessitating analyte‐specific adjustments or considerations in clinical interpretation.
Funding Information
  • Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison (1UL1RR025011)

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