Diffuse Axonal Injury and Status Epilepticus

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Abstract
Introduction: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI), microscopic damage to axons in the brain neural pathways, corpus callosum, and brain stem, is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The treatment of patients with DAI is geared towards preventing secondary injuries and facilitating rehabilitation. Case Report: A 57-year-old male patient was brought to the emergency room by the EMS team with the complaint of seizures in the form of an incision on the scalp, change in consciousness, confusion and convulsions after he lost his head to a cutting tool at work. In his neurological examination, it was found that the pupils were isochoric, the patient had seizures repetitively every two minutes, his consciousness was confused, and he could not obey orders. The patient was intubated with the diagnosis of status epilepticus due to diffuse axonal damage after a sharp object injury and was followed up in the intensive care unit. The patient improved clinically after the intensive care unit and was discharged with a follow-up recommendation. Conclusion: The possibility of diffuse axonal damage due to the mechanism of the trauma should be considered in cases that are not of high severity and no etiology has been detected and presenting with post-traumatic unconsciousness.

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