Design of Broadband Aperture-Coupled Microstrip Antenna Arrays With Differential Feeding

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Abstract
This paper proposes the design of broadband microstrip antennas fed by differential microstrip lines. The designed broadband antennas are composed of two capacitively coupled rectangular stacked patches excited through a dog-bone shaped aperture by short-circuited differential microstrip lines. The short-circuited lines are symmetrically located with respect to the apertures so that their differential-mode (DM) naturally excites the aperture, while their common-mode (CM) is intrinsically rejected. The DM design of the antennas is based on an equivalent second-order filter circuit consisting of two capacitively coupled parallel LC resonators, which helps to ensure the DM broadband impedance matching of the antenna. Two different 2 × 2 arrays using the proposed antennas have been designed, fabricated and measured, one involving four 180° hybrids and three power dividers in the feeding network, the other involving one 180° hybrid and six power dividers. Bandwidths larger than 25%, gains around 12 dBi and cross-polarization below -25 dB have been achieved by the two arrays at a center frequency of 5.5 GHz.
Funding Information
  • Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci?n y Universidades (PID2020-116739GB-I00)

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