Bacterial Na+ energetics
Author:
- 19 June 1989
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in FEBS Letters
- Vol. 250 (1) , 106-114
Abstract
Novel observations related to the Na+‐linked energy transduction in bacterial membranes are considered. It is concluded that, besides the well‐known systems based on the circulation of protons, there are those based on the circulation of Na+. In some cases, H+ and Na+ cycles co‐exist in one and the same membrane. Representatives of the ‘sodium world’, i.e. cells possessing primary Na+ pumps (ΔΔµ̃Na generators and consumers) are found in many genera of bacteria. Among the ΔΔµ̃Na generators, one should mention Na+‐NADH‐quinone reductase and Na+‐terminal oxidase of the respiratory chain, Na+‐decarboxylases and Na+‐ATPases. For Δµ̃Na consumers, there are Na+‐ATP‐synthases, Na+‐metabolite symporters and Na+ motors. Sometimes, one and the same enzyme can transport H+ or, alternatively, Na+. For instance, an Na+‐ATP‐synthase of the F0F1 type translocates H+ when Na+ is absent. Employment of the Na+ cycle, apart from or instead of the H+ cycle, increases the resistance of bacteria to alkaline or protonophore‐containing media and, apparently, to some other unfavourable conditions.Keywords
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