The publication explores the historical development of diagnostic, therapeutic, and experimental methods applied to non-contagious diseases within the zemstvo veterinary practice of Dnipro Ukraine. It traces the evolution of approaches, the adaptation of general biological and medical achievements, and the mutual influences between Ukrainian veterinary medicine and global scientific practice. Particular attention is given to the advancement of surgical techniques, anesthesiology, reproductive medicine, the design of surgical equipment, and therapeutic treatments. The work highlights the contributions of Mykhailo Maltsev, Moysey Koyranskyi, Mykola Shadrin, Serhii Yevseienko, Serhii Hrintser, Yevdokym Telychenko, and A. Popov. The impact of folk medicine and local veterinary culture on disease prevention and control is assessed. The study characterizes the patterns of veterinary progress, driven primarily by the zemstvo service. It demonstrates the dynamic integration of scientific developments into practice and the reciprocal influence of field experience on academic research. Following the elimination of major epizootic threats, a full-scale development of methods for managing non-contagious pathology began. The invention of an operating table for large animals by Moysey Koiranskyi serves as an example of professional competition and the complex journey from workshop innovation to industrial implementation. The publication conveys the “spirit of the era,” comparing professional relationships of the late 19th – early 20th centuries with those of today. It acknowledges that the period under study coincides with the rule of the Russian Empire, when Ukrainian specialists lacked the opportunity to publish in their native language or establish independent veterinary institutions. Nonetheless, the role of periodicals as platforms for collegial exchange, experience sharing, and scientific discourse is emphasized. Zemstvo veterinary community has served as both the analysts and the expert cohort while their research aimed to solve practical aspects. They did not reject folk medicine, often turning to medicinal plants due to limited access to pharmaceuticals. This reveals a deep connection between veterinary practice and the everyday life of the population, forming a distinct national character and tradition within regional veterinary culture. The development of obstetrics, gynecology, surgery, and andrology, as well as the establishment of breeding centers and agricultural exhibitions in Southeastern Ukraine, had both local and international significance.