Experimental Analysis of Passive Intermodulation at Waveguide Flange Bolted Connections

Authors:
  • DWDieter Wolk
    Dieter Wolk
  • HHHans L. Hartnagel
    Hans L. Hartnagel
  • BGBenito Gimeno
    Benito Gimeno
  • VBVicente E. Boria
    Vicente E. Boria
  • DRDavid Raboso
    David Raboso

Abstract
In this paper, the generation of passive intermodulation at rectangular waveguide flange bolted connections is investigated. An exhaustive series of tests has been performed in order to provide understanding on the physics lying behind such a phenomenon. In particular, the intermodulation response of the system has been studied as a function of the applied torque to the flange screws. It has been found that, in some situations, the intermodulation response differs from its expected behavior. An interpretation of such discrepancies is given, and practical guidelines for the design of waveguide flanges free of passive intermodulation are provided as well

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