Cellular, molecular and biochemical impacts of silver nanoparticles on rat cerebellar cortex
Preprint
- 4 November 2020
- preprint
- Published by Springer Nature in Research Square
Abstract
Background The excessive exposure to silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) has raised concerns about their possible risks to the human health. The brain is a highly vulnerable organ to nano-silver harmfulness. The aim of the current work was to evaluate the impacts of Ag-NPs exposure on the cerebellar cortex of rats especially changes at the ultrastructural and molecular levels. Methods Forty adult male albino rats were assigned to: control, vehicle control, Ag-NP-exposed groups (at doses of 10mg and 30mg/kg/day). Cerebellar cortex samples were processed for light and electron microscope examinations. Immunohistochemical localization of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) and Calbindin D28k (CB) proteins was performed. Tissue homogenates were prepared for analysis of gene expression of DNA damage inducible transcript 4 (Ddit4), flavin containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO2) and thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip). Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were also measured. Results Ag-NPs exposure resulted in activation of apoptosis cascades coupled with stimulation of oxidative stress and inflammation pathways. This was evident by the upregulation of Ddit4 gene expressions and JNK protein immune expressions. Alterations of redox homeostasis were verified by enhancement of Txnip and FMO2 gene expressions, favoring the activation of inflammatory responses by increasing NFκB immune expressions and serum inflammatory mediator levels. Another considerable cytotoxic effect was the reduction of CB immune expressions, the crucial regulator of intracellular calcium level. Conclusion Ag-NPs exposure provoked biochemical, cellular and molecular changes of rat cerebellar cortex in a dose-dependent manner.Keywords
All Related Versions
- Version 1, 2020-11-04, Research Square
- Published version: Cells, 10 (1), 7.
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