Flavoenzymes: Versatile catalysts in biosynthetic pathways
Top Cited Papers
- 10 October 2012
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in Natural Product Reports
- Vol. 30 (1) , 175-200
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of May 2012 Riboflavin-based coenzymes, tightly bound to enzymes catalyzing substrate oxidations and reductions, enable an enormous range of chemical transformations in biosynthetic pathways. Flavoenzymes catalyze substrate oxidations involving amine and alcohol oxidations and desaturations to olefins, the latter setting up Diels–Alder cyclizations in lovastatin and solanapyrone biosyntheses. Both C4a and N5 of the flavin coenzymes are sites for covalent adduct formation. For example, the reactivity of dihydroflavins with molecular oxygen leads to flavin-4a-OOH adducts which then carry out a diverse range of oxygen transfers, including Baeyer–Villiger type ring expansions, olefin epoxidations, halogenations via transient HOCl generation, and an oxidative Favorskii rerrangement during enterocin assembly.Keywords
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