Development and In Vitro Biodegradation of Biomimetic Zwitterionic Phosphorylcholine Chitosan Coating on Zn1Mg Alloy

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Abstract
Zinc (Zn) alloys are promising alternatives to magnesium (Mg)- and iron (Fe)-based alloys because of their moderate corrosion rate and superior biocompatibility. To reduce the mass release of Zn2+ and improve the biocompatibility of Zn implants, the biomimetic zwitterionic polymer layer (phosphorylcholine chitosan—PCCs) was immobilized on the plasma-treated Zn1Mg surface. It is the chemical bonds between the −NH2 groups of the PCCs chain and O–C═O (C═O) groups on the plasma-treated Zn1Mg (Zn1Mg-PP) that contributes to the strong bonding strength between the film and the substrate, by which the PCCs (approx. 200 nm thick) layer can bear a 5.93 N normal load. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results showed that the PCCs layer remarkably increased the resistance against corrosion attack, protecting substrates from over-quick degradation, and the protective effect of the layer with a thickness of 200 nm lasts for about 24 h. The corrosion products of Zn1Mg-PP-PCC in NaCl solution were determined as Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O and Zn3(PO4)2. Besides, the bulk Zn1Mg can trigger more aggressive macrophage activity, while the surface of Zn1Mg-PP and Zn1Mg-PP-PCC and their corrosion products (Zn3(PO4)2) tend to promote the differentiation of macrophages into the M2 phenotype, which is beneficial for implant applications.
Funding Information
  • Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2017B090903005)
  • Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (21620110, 21620342)
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2017YFB0305100, 2017YFB0305104)
  • ?Lan Huo? Research Funds (CXZJHZ201713)
  • Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou (201704030045)

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