Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents by GC-MS and Biological Activity of Eugenia caryophyllus extract

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Abstract
This research was carried out under laboratory conditions to test the inhibitory ability of the extracts Eugenia caryophyllus on pathogenic fungi Macrophomina phaseolina Which is diagnosed on the plant Shalek depending on its morphological and microscopic characteristics. The active compounds found in the volatile oil separated from cloves wereidentified using GC-MS and the following active compounds were obtained )8-Dimethylnona-1, phenol ,Naphthalene, alpha-Farmesene, 1- Lsopropyl-4, 7-hexahyro-1, Caryophyllene oxide.( .Of these compounds, 1-Lsopropyl-4 gave the highest concentration at 2. 01 mg.gm-1 with a retention time of 8.537, and the separated fatty acids were identified from the clove petroleum ether extract using GC-MS, and the following fatty acids were obtained:) Palmatic, Undecanoic, Lauric, Arachidonic, Lenolinic, Linoleic, Oleic, Stearic( .Among these compounds is Linoleic Which gives the highest concentration at 27.52 mg. gm-1 With a holding time of 15.280 minutes. The inhibitory effect of clove extracts against Macrophomina phaseolina was tested. The results showed that the extracts of petroleum ether and eucalyptus oil, which were used at concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 mg/ml in the PDA medium, had inhibitory effects on the growth of the aforementioned fungus. Both extracts caused a significant effect on the growth of this fungus at all concentrations used. As these fungi failed to form mycelium on PDA.

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