Competitiveness in the classification of port systems

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Abstract
The overall objective of the research was to classify port systems for competitiveness by implementation criteria, continents and indicators of port functional competitiveness. It used a qualitative approach and was applied. The research design was thematic narrative due to the variety of information used in reference documents based on the theme of classification of port systems for competitiveness. A classification with 18 criteria was designed by assessing their fulfilment in the different port systems based on the literature reviewed. They were also classified by level of implementation, by countries in which they have been implemented and by port competitiveness indicators. The port community and the automatic identification system are focused on improving the flow of information, while the terminal operation system, the automated gate system and the truck appointment system are focused on optimising the operations carried out in the ports, four levels were detailed, from the first level, where there is only an individual digital transformation and where the systems improve internal processes, to the last level where absolutely everything is integrated and there is a complete replacement of paper-based processes by electronic processes through systems and technologies.

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