Impact of environmental factors on mosquito midgut microbiota

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Abstract
The mosquito midgut is a dynamic ecosystem that harbours a diverse and intricate array of microorganisms, playing a crucial role in the host's health and physiological functions. Microbial functions highlight that mosquito‐associated bacterial communities are key determinants of host fitness and pathogen interactions. The mosquito's microbiome may influence the transmission of vector‐borne diseases in both direct and indirect ways. There is increasing evidence that both biotic and abiotic factors influence interactions between mosquito midgut microbiota. Bacteria are shared between aquatic habitats and both larval and adult mosquitoes, suggesting that environmental bacteria consistently influence mosquito microbiomes across developmental stages. Larval aquatic habitats serve as the main source of microbial acquisition, while water quality, nutrients, geography and pollutants influence initial colonization. The adult midgut becomes more selective, reducing microbial diversity and reshaping the community. This review aims to clarify the environmental factors that influence the midgut microbiome of mosquitoes, which are medically important arthropods.
Funding Information
  • Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (404000082)

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