Abdul Semih Ozsevik

Adhesion of root canal filling materials to root dentin is important for the long-term success of the treatment. Push-out bond strength test is used to evaluate the adhesion capacity of root canal filling materials to root canal walls. The aim of the present study is to compare the bond strength of root canal filling materials to root dentin after irrigation with EDTA, chitosan and the combination of chitosan and PIPS irridation using push-out bond strength test. Forty-eight extracted teeth were resected until 13-mm long roots were obtained. Root canals were prepared with a size-25 OneShape instrument. Samples were divided into three groups each including 15 roots. Group 1: Canals were rinsed with 0.2% chitosan and subjected to laser irridation with PIPS at the same time. Group 2: Canals were rinsed with 0.2% chitosan. Group 3: Canals were rinsed with EDTA. All canals were filled with .06 tapered gutta-percha and AH-plus sealer. One-mm thick slices were taken from coronal, middle and apical one-thirds of the roots. Push-out bond strength was determined using a Universal Testing Machine. One root from each group was observed under SEM to evaluate the degree of smear removal. Statistical analysis was performed with Kruskall-Wallis test. Results showed that bond strength values were statistically similar in overall evaluation for all groups (p > .05). In segmental evaluation, group 1 revealed the highest bond strength in apical one-third compared to other groups (p < .05).

Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dentinal tubule occlusion potential and penetration of Clinpro® White Varnish (5% sodium fluoride + tri‐calcium phosphate) in the presence or absence of Nd:YAG laser. Seventy‐five dentin samples collected from 38 freshly extracted human molars were randomly divided into five groups (n = 15). Groups A, B, D, and E were varnished with Clinpro, whereas group C (no treatment) served as the control group. Groups B and E were further irradiated with Nd:YAG laser (1.5 W, 10 Hz, 1 min). All study groups were subjected to pH cycling (kept in 0.3% citric acid 5 min/day for 5 days). Groups A, B, and C were evaluated for tubule occlusion using scanning electron microscopy. Groups D and E were evaluated for penetration with confocal laser scanning microscopy (SEM). Non‐parametric Kruskall–Wallis and Dunn's statistical tests were used for analysis of SEM results. The penetration depths were analyzed with one‐way ANOVA followed by Fisher's Least Significant Difference tests. Tubular occlusion of groups A and B were significantly greater than group C (p < 0.05). Tubular occlusion of group B were significantly greater than group A (p < 0.05). Penetration depth for group D was significantly greater than group E (p < 0.05). Laser application improved the tubular occlusion capacity of Clinpro. Contrary, laser reduced the penetration of Clinpro. SCANNING 38:619–624, 2016.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic molar tubes bonded to amalgam restorations and enamel with four different area ratios, with and without the use of various metal primers. One hundred and fifty-six sound lower first molars were divided into five groups; control group (CG;n = 12) then divided into three subgroups: A, B, and C. Class V buccal amalgam restorations consisting of 25%(G1), 50%(G2), 75%(G3), and 100%(G4) of the basal areas of the molar tubes. Transbond XT Primer (TXTP;subgroup A), Alloy Primer (AP;subgroup B) and Reliance Metal Primer (RMP;subgroup C) (n = 12). Transbond XT was used as an adhesive material in all groups. Thermocycling was as 5 –55 °C, 1000 cycles. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA and post hoc least significant difference tests (p < 0.05). Bond failure sites were classified using a modified Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) system. SBS did not differ significantly among the three intermediate adhesives in subgroups of groups 1, 2, or 3 (p > 0.05); however, SBS was significantly higher in groups 4B and 4C than in group 4A (p < 0.05). Mean SBSs of groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher than others (p < 0.05). Mean SBS of group 3 was higher than that of group 4, but lower than that of the other groups. For ARI, significant relationships between CG and the intermediate adhesive groups were found (p < 0.05). Application of metal primers, such as AP or RMP, to sandblasted amalgam adjacent to etched enamel (25, 50, and 75%) did not improve bond strength significantly compared with the application of TXTP to amalgam and enamel.

ABSTRACT   Aim: The aim of this study was to test apical micro-leakage of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate as a root-end filling material by the computerized fluid filtration meter. Material and method: Seventy-nine extracted human mandibular premolar teeth with one root canal were selected. The specimens were divided into five groups of 13 teeth each and filled with the AH Plus root canal sealer. After obturation, the roots were resected at 30⁰ angle and filled with a root-end filling material. The sealing qualities of the five different root-end filling materials were measured using computerized fluid filtration method. Results: The mean values of apical micro-leakage were 5.0±1.07x10^-4, 4.0±1.5x10^-4, 4.0±2.2x10^-4, 1.0±0.6x10^-4,and 4.0±1.1x10^-4 µl.cmH2O^-1.min^-1 at 120 kPa, in groups 1 to 5, respectively. The statistically significant differences were not found among the retrofilling materials (P>0.05). Conclusion: This type of cyanoacrylate has been used firstly as retrograde filling material. Tissue Adhesive can be used as a root-end filling material in apical surgery. Keywords: Tissue adhesive; root-end filling materials; apical micro-leakage, computerized fluid filtration meteri FARKLI KÖK UCU DOLGU MATERYALLERİNİN APİKAL MİKRO-SIZINTISI AÇISINDAN BİLGİSAYARLI SIVI FİLTRASYON METRESİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ ÖZET   Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kök ucu dolgu maddesi olarak kullanılan n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate’ın bilgisayarlı sıvı filtrasyon metresi ile apikal mikro-sızıntısının test edilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: 79 adet çekilmiş tek kök kanallı insan mandibular premolar diş seçildi. Örnekler her grupta 13 diş olacak şekilde beş gruba ayrıldı ve AH Plus kanal patı kullanılarak kök kanalları dolduruldu. Obturasyondan sonra, kökler 30⁰ açı ile rezeke edildi ve kök ucu dolguları kök ucu dolgu materyalleri ile yapıldı. Beş farklı kök ucu dolgu materyalinin sızdırmazlık dereceleri bilgisayarlı sıvı filtrasyon metodu kullanılarak ölçüldü. Bulgular: Apikal mikro-sızıntı ortalama değerleri, 120 kPa’da grup 1’den 5’e sırası ile 5.0±1.07x10^-4, 4.0±1.5x10^-4, 4.0±2.2x10^-4, 1.0±0.6x10^-4 ve 4.0±1.1x10^-4 µl.cmH2O^-1.min^-1’dir. İstatistiksel olarak kök ucu dolgu materyalleri arasında anlamlı farlılık gözlenmedi (P>0.05). Sonuç: Bu tip cyanoacrylate ilk defa kök ucu dolu materyali olarak kullanıldı. Doku adezivi apikal cerrahide kök ucu dolgu materyali olarak kullanılabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Doku adezivi, kök ucu dolu materyali, apikal mikro-sızıntı, bilgisayarlı sıvı filtrasyon metresi.

Sari F, et al. J Adv Prosthodont. 2016 Aug;8(4):267-274. https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2016.8.4.267

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and adhesive systems on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of flowable resin to dentin. The flat dentin surfaces of 30 wisdom molar teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10): no laser etching (control), laser etching using QSP and MSP modes. After the application of the flowable and the composite resin, and 5,000 thermal aging, the μTBS results were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honest standard of difference (HSD) tests. There were no significant differences between the μTBS of the self-etch group and the total-etch groups for MSP (p>0.05). MSP mode is a useful pulse mode for dentin surface treatment due to elimination of the acid-etching step.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the fracture resistance of root‐filled teeth restored with fibre‐reinforced composite (everX posterior). Fifty mandibular molars were divided into five groups (n = 10). Group 1: no treatment was applied (intact teeth). Group 2–5: canals were prepared and root filled. Group 2: no coronal restoration was placed. Group 3: teeth were coronally restored with composite. Group 4: composite restorations were performed following polyethylene fibre insertion at the cavity base. Group 5: composite resin placed over everX posterior. After thermocycling (5–55°C, 5000×), fracture resistance was measured. Mean force load for each sample was recorded in Newtons (N). Results were statistically analysed with one‐way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey's tests. The mean force required to fracture samples and standard deviations are as follows: group 1: 2859.5 ± 551.27 N, group 2: 318.97 ± 108.67 N, group 3: 1489.5 ± 505.04 N, group 4: 1958.3 ± 362.94 N, group 5: 2550.7 ± 586.1 N. everX posterior (group 5) was higher than groups 2, 3 and 4 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between everX posterior and intact teeth (P > 0.05). Placing fibre‐reinforced composite under composite increased the fracture strength of root‐filled teeth to the level of intact teeth.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of three different surface treatments and two different adhesives on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of repaired composites using the same or different type of resin. Twenty-four nano-hybrid (Ceram X mono-C) and 24 nanofilled (Filtek Ultimate-F) composite discs were prepared. The specimens were aged with 5000 thermocycles and randomly divided into groups according to the surface treatment methods: (a) phosphoric acid (b) Er:YAG laser and (c) aluminum trioxide particle (air abrasion). Fresh composite resins (C and F) were added to the treated surfaces with two different adhesives (two-step and one-step self-etch adhesives). Then, the specimens were aged again. The stick-shaped specimens were prepared from the discs (n = 25) and the sticks were subjected to the μTBS test. Results indicated that significant differences were found in μTBS values among the surface treatment methods. In the C groups, the highest μTBS value (41.3 ± 8.3 MPa) was recorded in the air abrasion and one-step self-etch adhesive group, which were repaired with the same kind of composite. In the F groups, the highest μTBS value was observed in the air abrasion and one-step self-etch adhesive (37.6 ± 12.3 MPa) group. The treatment with air abrasion is more effective than the others, and it may be suggested for composite repair.