Mohd Azmir Mohd Nizah

HRMARS is well established journal publisher based in Pakistan. It is publishing prominent journals in social sciences since 2011.

Individuals ought to be guided by the principle of accountability when establishing their civil duties. It is vital and deeply rooted in the formation of a feeling of national identity. The recent episode, however, has questioned the ability of the civil service to uphold accountability. Consequently, fostering a feeling of national identity requires nothing more than doing the right thing. The methodology employed in this research blends a quantitative design with a survey-oriented approach. The fundamental random sample method had a total of 120 respondents. The analysis's findings illustrate the criticality of honesty in any effort to assist individuals in need. Accountability must be highly esteemed for every group to participate in the formation of a national identity that safeguards the interests of the people. To build a strong and cohesive national identity, accountability must be upheld at all levels of society. A technique akin to the national identity formation process could be employed to advocate for the notion of accountability. Accountability is a crucial source of national identity development to promote trust, transparency, equality and responsibility within a society, creating a strong foundation for a cohesive and proud national identity. To ensure national security and, more pragmatically, foster peace and harmony, the establishment of accountable values and the cultivation of a sense of national identity must take precedence.

Malaysia’s multiracial society has its cultural heritage of exercising for the health of its practitioners. In Chinese culture, for example, there is Tai Chi, while in Indian culture, Yoga is practiced for general health. Furthermore, in Malay culture, exercise has always been associated with the martial arts called ‘Silat Melayu’ with one of them being Senaman Tua Melayu (ST), which is developed from Silat Melayu Keris Lok 9. The Ministry of Health Malaysia has recognized traditional medicine as an alternative treatment. Senaman Tua Melayu (ST) belongs to this category. Unfortunately, there are no scientific studies to prove the effectiveness of ST for its users. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of ST from the users' perspective upon completing 16 sessions of ST training. The quantitative approach, i.e. questionnaire instrument, is used to carry out this study. It also used the qualitative method, where interviews with all participants were conducted for data triangulation. The results show that ST is significantly effective in improving participants' general health and musculoskeletal systems. Findings also showed that participants are strongly interested in continuing the practice of ST to improve their general health. It is hoped that this research may spread the good effects of doing routine physical activity. Further research can be done to explore the benefits of ST in a specific disease apart from general health. Abstrak: Masyarakat Malaysia yang berbilang kaum mempunyai warisan budaya bersenam yang tersendiri untuk kesihatan pengamalnya. Dalam budaya Cina misalnya, terdapat Tai Chi, manakala dalam budaya India pula Yogadiamalkan secara umum untuk kesihatan. Dalam budaya Melayu, senaman lazimnya dikaitkan dengan seni mempertahankan diri yang dipanggil ‘Silat Melayu’, salah satunya ialah Senaman Tua Melayu (ST) yang telah dikembangkan daripada Silat Melayu Keris Lok 9. Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia mengiktiraf perubatan tradisional sebagai rawatan alternatif. Senaman Tua Melayu (ST) tergolong dalam kategori ini. Walau bagaimanapun, belum ada kajian saintifik yang membuktikan keberkesanan ST kepada pengamalnya. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberkesanan ST dari perspektif pengamal atau peserta setelah mereka menamatkan latihan ST sebanyak 16 sesi. Pendekatan kuantitatif iaitu instrumen soal selidik digunakan dalam kajian ini. Dalam masa yang sama, kaedah kualitatif turut digunakan dengan menjalankan temu bual terhadap semua peserta untuk tujuan triangulasi data. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa ST amat berkesan dalam meningkatkan kesihatan am dan sistem muskuloskeletal peserta. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa peserta amat berminat untuk meneruskan amalan ST bagi meningkatkan kesihatan mereka. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberi manfaat atau kesan baik melakukan aktiviti bersenam sebagai rutin harian. Kajian selanjut boleh dilakukan untuk meneroka manfaat ST dalam menyembuhkan penyakit tertentu selain daripada kesihatan am.

Abstrak: Ikhtiar Malaysia Madani hasil idea PMX adalah merupakan satu lagi hasrat pengukuhan pembinaan negara bangsa Malaysia. Konsep ini memberikan penumpuan kepada tadbir urus yang baik, pembangunan mapan dan juga keharmonian masyarakat majmuk di negara ini. Namun Malaysia Madani ini akan hanya tinggal sebagai retorik politik semata-mata jika politik memes yang negatif, manipulasi ke atas Undi 18 dan isu berkaitan 3R tidak dapat dikawal dengan baik oleh pihak kerajaan. Dengan penggunaan media sosial sebagai medium perantaraan, pengundi muda adalah merupakan taruhan terbaik parti-parti politik menyebarkan politik propaganda mereka. Ia menjadi semakin parah apabila ketiga-tiga faktor yang disebut kerap dimainkan oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak bertanggungjawab semasa pilihan raya. Makalah ini secara kolektif akan melihat persepsi pengundi muda terhadap ketiga-tiga faktor tersebut berdasarkan pasca PRU 15 dan PRN 2023. Menggunakan rekabentuk kajian kuantitatif, soal selidik secara rentas digunakan terhadap 400 orang responden berumur 18 sehingga 25 tahun. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa persepsi pengundi muda terhadap memes politik adalah sederhana positif, manakala persepsi terhadap Undi 18 adalah positif yang tinggi, dan persepsi terhadap isu-isu 3R adalah negatif. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahawa ketiga-tiga dimensi yang dikaji ini mempunyai magnitudnya yang tersendiri. Malah adalah tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa ia merupakan antara cabaran getir yang perlu diberi perhatian yang serius oleh kerajaan dalam pengukuhan agenda Malaysia Madani. Malaysia Madani, the idea of PMX is another intention to strengthen Malaysia’s nation-building. This concept focuses on good governance, sustainable development, and the harmony of the plural society in the country. However, Malaysia Madani will only remain as political rhetoric if the politics negative of memes, manipulation of the Undi 18 and issues related to 3R cannot be controlled adequately by the government. With social media as an intermediate medium, young voters are the best bets for political parties to spread their propaganda politics. It worsens when unscrupulous parties regularly play all three so-called factors during elections. This article will collectively look at young voters’ perception of all three factors based on the post-GE 15 and the recent PRN 2023. Using the quantitative study design, the cross-examination was used on 400 respondents aged 18 to 25. The findings found that young voters’ perception of political memes was moderately positive, perception of Undi 18 were positive, while perceptions of 3R issues were negative. As conclusion, these three dimensions studied have their own magnitude. In fact, it is undeniable that it is one of the challenges that the government must face in the strengthening of Malaysia Madani.

Social media platforms have become the primary source of information, especially among young people. The reason is that the information shared on social media is quicker and more current. Exposure to social media information helps shape how they think and build their character and personality. Similarly, society, family, ideology, and media, grouped as psychosocial factors, influence ideological formation by contributing towards character building and strengthening worldview. However, excessive social media usage may negatively influence young people and the way they think, whereas psychosocial factors influence an individual's personality and thinking. Therefore, this study examines social media usage and psychosocial factors and their influence on young people's ideological formation. Using the quantitative methodology with a set of self-reporting questionnaires, about 128 respondents took part in the pilot study. It is found that ideological influence, social media influence, and socialization agents' influence positively correlate to ideological formation. These constructs positively impact and influence the formation of ideology, character-building, and rational thinking. Thus, the findings of this study are expected to help authorities apply positive values ​​from social media influence and psychosocial factors to the thinking process and ideological formation of young generation leaders today.

Malaysia adalah negara yang mengamalkan sistem demokrasi berparlimen dan mengangkat sistem raja berpelembagaan sebagai tunjang kepada sistem pemerintahan negara ini. Sebagai sebuah negara yang mengamalkan sistem demokrasi, sistem pilihanraya merupakan satu wadah bagi rakyat untuk bersama-sama berpatisipasi dalam menentukan hala tuju pemerintahan. Walaupun terdapat pelbagai medium lain yang boleh digunapakai bagi menunjukkan penyertaan rakyat dalam sistem pemerintahan negara, namun pilihanraya merupakan wadah yang paling kerap dan sering digunapakai oleh rakyat Malaysia. Selain pilihanraya, ketertinggian perlembagaan adalah juga merupakan antara elemen terpenting dalam memacu hala tuju bagi sesebuah negara termasuk Malaysia. Makalah ini akan membincangkan kepentingan pilihanraya dan kecaknaan terhadap perlembagaan merupakan asas-asas yang sangat penting bagi setiap rakyat untuk menghayatinya. Malah kepetingan kedua-dua elemen ini merupakan tunjang utama dalam memastikan hala tuju Malaysia pada masa hadapan berada dalam landasan yang benar. Ini adalah kerana, selepas Pilihan Raya Umum (PRU) ke- 14 yang lalu, boleh dilihat kedua-dua elemen ini seringkali dijadikan subjek dan sebagai bahan eksperimentasi bagi parti-parti politik untuk menarik dan mengkritik parti berbeza, dan sekaligus ia menggugat kestabilan masyarakat amnya. Jika trend ini berterusan ia boleh menjurus kepada barah yang berbahaya dan boleh menjejaskan kestabilan Malaysia sebagai sebuah negara yang pelbagai.

Universities are at the center of innovation. The process through which innovation comes from universities to industries, also called intellectual property (IP) commercialization, tends to be affected by various factors and contexts. The broad objective of this study was to explore the current status of IP commercialization in Malaysian universities. This study aimed to examine IP commercialization’s intensity, its processes, and the factors affecting it in selected Malaysian universities. University Sains Malaysia (USM) and Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) were selected for convenience, and top-, middle-, and low-level university officials were interviewed using a semi-structured, in-depth interview protocol. The findings indicated that the intensity of IP commercialization depends on experience, industry linkage, properly planned research areas, and active researchers from various research institutes. This research will contribute to the existing understanding of IP commercialization in the Malaysian context, along with the necessary measures to take at the policy, industry, and university levels, in order to foster innovation and socioeconomic development in the country.