Aline Furtado Oliveira

Different reaction control methods for producing nano/microstructures of poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBCA) have been studied, focusing on pH and monomer-to-initiator ratios. However, these methods often require multiple steps and reagents. In the synthesis of PBCA microparticles using three versions of micromixers designed with HH geometry and varying numbers of channels (4, 10, and 15), different synthesis formulations were investigated by varying monomer concentrations. PBCA microparticles synthesized with 19.2% (w/w) n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) monomer, a residence time of 0.06 s, a flow rate of 78 mL·min⁻¹, and a phase ratio of 45/55 (W/O), exhibited an average diameter of 642.2 nm as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. In contrast, PBCA microparticles synthesized with 5.0% (w/w) n-BCA monomer, the same residence time of 0.06 s, a flow rate of 39 mL·min⁻¹, and a phase ratio of 20/80 (W/O), exhibited an average diameter of 74.73 µm according to laser diffraction particle size analysis. Polymer formation was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in both formulation and process conditions. These results indicate that the parameters for the production of microparticles with different monomer concentrations in the microfluidic system with HH geometry and 15 channels can be optimized for potential applications in cosmetics and pharmaceutical ingredients.

BACKGROUND: Microfluidics offers itself as a potential platform for optimizing microbial growth in different substrate concentrations using a single assay. The aim of this study was to construct a reversible microfluidic device for monitoring the bacterial growth in chambers with different substrate concentrations with its respective technical triplicates. The convective concentration gradient generator (CCG) system was constructed with three inlets for solutions with different concentrations that distributed them to the sequential cultivation chambers (CCs). A perfusion microbioreactor system (PM) was constructed using a commercial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheet and glass, with an adapted semi‐permeable membrane system to constrain the cells within the CC. Cell growth of a fluorescent Escherichia coli JM109 was monitored by fluorescence microscope with time‐lapse technique.RESULTS: The growth profile of E. coli with different streptomycin concentrations and its specific growth rates (µ_x) in the microfluidics device (µ_x of 0.0088 and 0.0092 h⁻¹) were compared in batch cultivations, which show no significant difference between the two methods. In addition, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values indicate that continuous perfusion surpasses consumption of the tested drug.CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate the efficiency of the microfluidic device for cell cultivation and its applicability in industrial biotechnology, allowing rapid screening of multiple parameters. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

Microfluidics is a technology that operates with small amounts of fluids and makes possible the investigation of cells, enzymes, and biomolecules and encapsulation of biocatalysts in a greater variety of conditions than permitted using conventional methods. This review discusses technological possibilities that can be applied in the field of industrial biotechnology, presenting the principal definitions and fundamental aspects of microfluidic parameters to better understand advanced approaches. Specifically, concentration gradient generators, droplet‐based microfluidics, and microbioreactors are explored as useful tools that can contribute to industrial biotechnology. These tools present potential applications, inclusive as commercial platforms to optimizing in bioprocesses development as screening cells, encapsulating biocatalysts, and determining critical kinetic parameters. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:1372–1389, 2016

RESUMO O bagaço de cana-de-açúcar pode ser utilizado como suporte sólido para cultivo de microrganismos, e apesar de fundamental, o monitoramento da umidade em tempo real nesses processos ainda é pouco pesquisado. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo propor e validar a TDR para estimar a umidade em bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, visando a seu uso como suporte para cultivo em estado sólido, considerando a produção de ácido cítrico. A sonda de TDR proposta foi analisada fisicamente, e, posteriormente, para a validação dos resultados, realizou-se uma calibração com leituras da constante dielétrica do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar até à saturação do material, os quais foram comparados com o método-padrão e equação universal de Topp. Também, foram conduzidas em colunas de leito fixo preenchidas com bagaço a 80% de umidade, com monitoramento da umidade através de sonda de TDR para validar a técnica. Pôde-se verificar que existe viabilidade no uso da técnica da TDR para estimar a umidade volumétrica, e com o auxílio de ferramentas gráficas e regressão linear, foi proposta a equação de calibração: (θ= 0,0253*Ka - 0,0025). Com isso, pode-se controlar e monitorar in situ a umidade do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, através da técnica da TDR.