Lintang Dian Saraswati

Medical personnel and paramedics as the front line in handling Covid-19 desperately need personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent transmission. Currently, PPE in the form of a head intubation box is being developed by the Diponegoro University Disaster Management Center through D-DART with raw materials on the market so that the price is affordable. The purpose of this research was to find out what PPE head intubation box products are on the market, to plan the design and manufacturing method with the initial prototype of a 3D printer design. This research was experimental research by applying appropriate technology. Methods, designs, procedures are detailed for the PPE head intubation box. Currently, the design of components has been carried out which includes the design of the face of the headbox, glove clamp, and the wall of the headbox. Where through the design data of these components can be known some of the materials needed to make the headbox. Diponegoro-Disaster Assistance Response Team produces 1 head intubation box and hundreds of headboxes.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 can be transmitted from droplets or aerosol transmission that causes the vital of applying personal protective equipment (PPE) such as medical masks for medical or paramedic personnel. There are two technologies to make a medical mask, such as an ultrasonic sewing machine and a folding mask device. Through D-DART, The Disaster Management Center of Diponegoro University creates medical masks innovations with raw materials on the market, affordable. The research aims to design and build an ultrasonic sewing machine and a mask-folding device prototype. The invention is an experimental design that applies appropriate technology using inexpensive materials by locals and is easy to apply. The experiment results include the engine body and base, rollers, roller frames, and pneumatic knobs. The mask folding machine, currently, component designs have been carried out, including the frame, Roller for materials, Roller tensioner, Roller roller, Folding Jig, Sealer, Bearing housing, Bracket roller folding, Bracket roller tensioner, Bracket jig folding, and Measuring pads. All design processes can be executed and produce ultrasonic sewing machines and folding mask devices. There has been no research related to the quality of the mask created. A mask-making machine’s price is high and hard to come by at the beginning of the pandemic. Appropriate technology in the form of a surgical mask making machine is a solution to meet the needs of masks even though they do not yet have a surgical mask standard.

BACKGROUND: Channa striata has several good nutrients, including 70% protein, 20% albumin, complete amino acids, zinc, selenium, and iron. However, no study has investigated the chitosan-PEG nanoparticles based on Channa striata protein hydrolyzate. This study’s purpose was to determine the role of 10% Channa striata protein hydrolyzate, chitosan-PEG 4000 nanoparticles, and chitosan- PEG 6000 nanoparticles in reducing diabetes mellitus in diabetic rats. METHOD: A randomized pretest-posttest control group design was used, with male Sprague–Dawley rats being divided into five groups: STZ, acarbose, hydrolyzate, chitosan-PEG 4000 nanoparticles, and chitosan-PEG 6000 nanoparticles. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin at 1 ml in each formulation. Blood glucose levels were analyzed using a glucometer 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment. The CHOD-PAP method was used to analyze the lipid profile. Pancreas and liver histology analyses were carried out using a microscope. RESULTS: The formulation of 10% Channa striata protein hydrolyzate and PEG 6000 was the most effective in lowering blood glucose concentrations, and the response was close to the acarbose result. The glucose concentration decreased after daily oral administration of chitosan-PEG nanoparticles for 21 days. The plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL concentrations were lower in treated than in untreated diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the formulation of 10% Channa striata protein hydrolyzate and chitosan-PEG 6000 nanoparticles was more effective than acarbose.

This study aims to describe the strategy of strengthening the intervention that has been used in the form of using a combined intervention in an effort to control leptospirosis in the Southern part of Central Java Province. Scoping Review procedure was used on 4 databases (SCOPUS, JSTOR, Garuda, and gray literature on Google Scholar). The purpose of this study was to describe strategies to strengthen interventions that have been used as a combination in efforts to control leptospirosis in the Southern part of Central Java Province. The results of this study found that as many as 6 articles combined health education interventions with other interventions such as screening interventions in the form of live trapp installation, application training, accompanied by the provision and assistance of PPE, training of laboratory personnel, field observations, risk factor surveys, and environmental observations. The combination of this type of leptospirosis intervention is also able to increase the knowledge value of correspondents related to leptospirosis disease.

Background: Leptospirosis is a health problem that causes death in Indonesia. In 2017, Boyolali District was reported that the number of leptospirosis cases reached 40.62 per 100,000 population with a CFR of 23.52%. The determination of risk factors and Leptospira bacteria's presence in the body of water plays an essential role in the transmission of leptospirosis. Design and methods: This study aims to determine the risk factors and Leptospira bacteria's presence in water bodies in Boyolali District. This research is descriptive research with a survey method using a cross-sectional design and an analytical study using an observational method with a case-control approach. The sample was 100 water samples from wells, rivers, and paddy fields in endemic and non-endemic areas of leptospirosis. This study's population was 34 people with leptospirosis in Boyolali Regency in January 2017 - August 2018. Results: There was a significant relationship between leptospirosis incidence in the Boyolali Regency with garbage, the pet presence, a history of injuries, and field activity. Leptospira bacteria are found in rivers (18.18%) and rice fields (6.67%), while in sub-districts with cases occur almost every year. Leptospira are found in wells (18.18%) and rice fields (6.67%). Conclusions: People should pay more attention to home sanitation and the surrounding environment to avoid leptospirosis.

Anticancer Activity of Pasak Bumi Root Extract (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) on Raji Cells

The vectors that cause dengue fever usually live in habitats close to humans, one of which is a water reservoir (TPA) or commonly called a container. In Glonggong Village, containers and water sources are still a problem that triggers the density of larvae. This study aims to determine the relationship between container lids, container materials, and water sources on the incidence of DHF. The total sample used is 110 houses with a total of 201 containers. Collecting data using visual larval techniques, namely only by observing containers that are positive for larvae. Based on the results of the relationship test, it was found that the proportion of the presence of the lid was p = 0.071, container material was p = 0.163, and water source was p = 0.590. Which means that there is a relationship between container lids, container materials, and water sources with the incidence of DHF. Thus, there is a need for further socialization regarding the 3M Plus program in order to suppress dengue cases in Glonggong Village.