Ying Gao

Cutting maneuvers impose conflicting performance and knee‐loading demands, yet whether movement profiles can be identified during a 180° cutting (CUT180) maneuver and how they relate to performance and knee‐loading profiles remain unclear. This study aimed to identify movement profiles during the CUT180 and examine their associations with cutting performance and knee‐loading profiles. Forty‐seven physically active adults performed CUT180 in a motion laboratory. Correlation analyses were used to explore the relationships between cutting performance and biomechanical loading, and principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering were applied to six kinetic and GRF variables to identify subgroups of movement profiles. Between‐cluster differences in cutting performance and isokinetic knee strength were subsequently examined. While performance and biomechanical loading were generally associated, three candidate profiles emerged: high‐loading ( n = 10), medium‐loading ( n = 19), and low‐loading ( n = 18) profiles. Compared with the low‐loading profile, the medium‐loading profile demonstrated a larger magnitude of the external knee abduction moment (KAM), greater ankle dorsiflexion moment and braking GRF, and higher overall cutting performance. In contrast, the high‐loading profile exhibited the highest knee flexion moment and large GRF magnitudes without a commensurate performance advantage. Final foot contact time did not differ across profiles, whereas peak approach velocity and entry velocity reduction differed between profiles. Between‐cluster strength differences were confined to high‐velocity (240°/s) isokinetic measures. Three candidate CUT180 profiles with differing knee‐loading patterns were identified. The medium‐loading profile combined higher overall CUT180 task performance with greater entry velocity reduction, but was still characterized by a large external KAM magnitude, indicating substantial frontal‐plane demands.

Standing shows inconsistent associations with glycemic profiles. This study examined whether thigh muscle activity during standing modifies the association between standing time and glycemic profiles under free‐living conditions. Thirty physically inactive young women contributed 52 participant‐days while wearing a continuous glucose monitor, thigh‐worn accelerometer, and textile electromyography (EMG) shorts. Waking behavior was classified into sitting, standing, and moving and expressed as a three‐part compositional time‐use variable. During standing, quadriceps and hamstring EMG were summarized as average normalized amplitude and active duration. Outcomes were mean glucose, coefficient of variation (CV), time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), and time below range (TBR). Regression models tested whether standing‐specific EMG metrics moderated associations between behavior composition and glycemic outcomes. Standing was not independently associated with glycemic outcomes. Hamstring EMG active duration moderated the association between standing and TIR ( β = 0.473, 95% CI [0.277, 0.668], p < 0.001, Cohen's f ² = 0.15) and TBR ( β = −0.467, 95% CI [−0.653, −0.282], p < 0.001, Cohen's f ² = 0.153), but not TAR, CV, or mean glucose after multiple testing correction. A higher standing proportion was associated with higher TIR when hamstring EMG active duration exceeded 38.8% and lower TBR when it exceeded 29.7%; below 16.8%, a higher standing proportion was associated with lower TIR. These findings suggest that the potential glycemic benefits of standing may depend on hamstring muscle engagement, highlighting EMG‐derived muscle engagement as a marker for distinguishing physiologically heterogeneous forms of standing.

Biomechanical analysis of sport movements has long played a central role in both optimising athletic performance and preventing sports injuries (Hewett et al., 2005; Leppänen, Pasanen, Krosshaug, e...

Background: Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related condition characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, with particularly high prevalence among nursing home residents and the oldest-old population. Although exercise is a recognized non-pharmacological intervention, existing evidence has largely been generated in selected community-dwelling populations, limiting its applicability to vulnerable older adults in real-world long-term care settings. The SCOPE study (Sarcopenia Care in Oldest-old: a Pragmatic Exercise cluster-randomized controlled trial) evaluates the effectiveness and feasibility of caregiver-led modified Baduanjin, resistance training, and combined exercise interventions for sarcopenia management in nursing home residents. Methods: This pragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial aims to recruit 104 residents aged ≥ 75 years with sarcopenia from a large nursing home in Hangzhou, China. Participants will be randomized by residential building into four groups: Modified Baduanjin Group, Resistance Training Group, Combined Exercise Group, and Control Group. The 48-week intervention will be delivered by trained caregivers using video-guided sessions, with phased reduction in specialist supervision. The primary outcome is a composite sarcopenia Z-score integrating handgrip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index. Secondary outcomes include functional mobility, balance, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, neuromuscular activation, questionnaire-based assessments, and saliva biological markers. Clinical events and care-dependency records will also be collected throughout the intervention and follow-up periods. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, week 12, week 24, week 48, and at 1 and 2 years post-intervention. Discussion: The SCOPE study addresses the need for feasible and sustainable exercise interventions for sarcopenia in real-world nursing home settings. By integrating pragmatic caregiver-led delivery, multimodal outcome assessment, and long-term follow-up, this trial aims to inform exercise prescription, implementation feasibility, and potential mechanisms of adaptation in oldest-old nursing home residents. The findings are expected to support the development of scalable exercise intervention frameworks for sarcopenia management in long-term care facilities. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2500107315).

Purpose: This study examined associations between adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time, and sleep) and academic achievement in school-aged children. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Elementary schools in Hangzhou, China. Sample: Sample of 268 children aged 8-12 years (52% boys). Measures: MVPA and sleep duration were measured using accelerometers, while screen time was self-reported. Academic achievement was assessed through grades in Chinese, Math, and English, standardized into Z-scores. Covariates included age, sex, school location, and body mass index z-score. Analysis: Multiple linear regression was conducted to assess associations between combinations of adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines and academic achievement. Results: Meeting two or more recommendations was significantly associated with higher overall academic achievement compared to those meeting none ( P < 0.05). Specifically, adherence to the screen time guideline only (β = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.64) and combined adherence to both screen time and sleep guidelines (β = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.69) were positively associated with overall academic achievement. For subject-specific Z-scores, meeting at least two guidelines was linked to higher achievement in Chinese and Math ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Adherence to multiple 24-hour movement guidelines, particularly limiting recreational screen time, is associated with higher academic achievement in school-aged children. These findings highlight the potential value of integrated movement behavior strategies for educational outcomes and underscore the need for longitudinal research to clarify underlying mechanisms.

Background : Evidence-based 24-hour movement guidelines have been developed to integrate recommendations for time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time (ST), and sleep. This study investigated the adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines and explored the relationship with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents. Methods : Cross-sectional findings are based on 1774 adolescents (49.1% female) aged 13–16 years from the Shenyang region of China. MVPA, ST, and sleep duration were self-reported using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, an ST questionnaire, and a wake–sleep time questionnaire. HRQoL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, which encompasses physical, psychosocial, and total HRQoL. Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines was classified by meeting general (eg, none, 1, 2, and 3 guidelines) and specific combinations (eg, MVPA and ST guidelines) within the 3 recommendations. Associations were examined using general linear models adjusted for age, sex, and parents’ education. Results : A total of 5.1% of the sample met all three 24-hour movement guidelines. Additionally, compared with meeting no guideline, meeting all 3 guidelines was associated with better physical ( β = 5.37; 95% CI, 0.69–9.49; P = .005), psychosocial ( β = 3.76; 95% CI, 0.84–6.68; P = .012), and total HRQoL ( β = 4.16; 95% CI, 1.35–6.98; P = .004). Compared with not meeting the specific combination guidelines, meeting MVPA and ST was associated with better physical HRQoL ( β = 5.52; 95% CI, 1.30–9.74; P = .01). Conclusions : These cross-sectional findings suggest that meeting all three 24-hour movement guidelines were associated with better HRQoL in adolescents. Since a low proportion of this sample was meeting the overall guidelines, future effort should encourage, and perhaps improve adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines.

Objectives: We investigated the agreement between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx%) obtained in a controlled fasted condition versus a non‐fasted, uncontrolled, “real‐world” condition. Thereafter, we assessed the reproducibility of PWV and AIx% over three repeated visits under controlled fasted conditions. Methods: PWV and AIx% were assessed in one uncontrolled visit, and three controlled fasted visits after a 10‐min supine rest in 28 adolescents (61% girls) aged 12–14 years. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between controlled visits were 0.5–0.6 (PWV) and −0.3–0.6 (AIx%) for PulsePen, and 0.5–0.6 (PWV) and 0.4–0.7 (AIx%) for Arteriograph. ICCs between a single uncontrolled visit and controlled visits were lower, especially for the Arteriograph (PWV: 0.0–0.1; AIx%: −0.4–0.0). Device agreement was poor (PWV ICC: −0.2–0.1; AIx% ICC: −0.5–0.3). Reproducibility using PulsePen was (PWV: 0.2–0.8; AIx%: −0.3–0.6) and Arteriograph (PWV: 0.0–0.1; AIx%: −0.4–0.0). Conclusion: The PulsePen had better reproducibility of PWV than the Arteriograph. Both devices had limited reliability and high variability in AIx% measurements. PWV from the PulsePen may be applicable in healthcare, while results from the Arteriograph should be interpreted with caution. Because of the poor agreement between the devices, the data from these devices should not be directly compared. These results may not be generalizable based on the modest sample size. In addition, the variability in real‐world situations should not be overlooked.