Di Wang

Cutting maneuvers impose conflicting performance and knee‐loading demands, yet whether movement profiles can be identified during a 180° cutting (CUT180) maneuver and how they relate to performance and knee‐loading profiles remain unclear. This study aimed to identify movement profiles during the CUT180 and examine their associations with cutting performance and knee‐loading profiles. Forty‐seven physically active adults performed CUT180 in a motion laboratory. Correlation analyses were used to explore the relationships between cutting performance and biomechanical loading, and principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering were applied to six kinetic and GRF variables to identify subgroups of movement profiles. Between‐cluster differences in cutting performance and isokinetic knee strength were subsequently examined. While performance and biomechanical loading were generally associated, three candidate profiles emerged: high‐loading ( n = 10), medium‐loading ( n = 19), and low‐loading ( n = 18) profiles. Compared with the low‐loading profile, the medium‐loading profile demonstrated a larger magnitude of the external knee abduction moment (KAM), greater ankle dorsiflexion moment and braking GRF, and higher overall cutting performance. In contrast, the high‐loading profile exhibited the highest knee flexion moment and large GRF magnitudes without a commensurate performance advantage. Final foot contact time did not differ across profiles, whereas peak approach velocity and entry velocity reduction differed between profiles. Between‐cluster strength differences were confined to high‐velocity (240°/s) isokinetic measures. Three candidate CUT180 profiles with differing knee‐loading patterns were identified. The medium‐loading profile combined higher overall CUT180 task performance with greater entry velocity reduction, but was still characterized by a large external KAM magnitude, indicating substantial frontal‐plane demands.

Biomechanical analysis of sport movements has long played a central role in both optimising athletic performance and preventing sports injuries (Hewett et al., 2005; Leppänen, Pasanen, Krosshaug, e...

Background: Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related condition characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, with particularly high prevalence among nursing home residents and the oldest-old population. Although exercise is a recognized non-pharmacological intervention, existing evidence has largely been generated in selected community-dwelling populations, limiting its applicability to vulnerable older adults in real-world long-term care settings. The SCOPE study (Sarcopenia Care in Oldest-old: a Pragmatic Exercise cluster-randomized controlled trial) evaluates the effectiveness and feasibility of caregiver-led modified Baduanjin, resistance training, and combined exercise interventions for sarcopenia management in nursing home residents. Methods: This pragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial aims to recruit 104 residents aged ≥ 75 years with sarcopenia from a large nursing home in Hangzhou, China. Participants will be randomized by residential building into four groups: Modified Baduanjin Group, Resistance Training Group, Combined Exercise Group, and Control Group. The 48-week intervention will be delivered by trained caregivers using video-guided sessions, with phased reduction in specialist supervision. The primary outcome is a composite sarcopenia Z-score integrating handgrip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index. Secondary outcomes include functional mobility, balance, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, neuromuscular activation, questionnaire-based assessments, and saliva biological markers. Clinical events and care-dependency records will also be collected throughout the intervention and follow-up periods. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, week 12, week 24, week 48, and at 1 and 2 years post-intervention. Discussion: The SCOPE study addresses the need for feasible and sustainable exercise interventions for sarcopenia in real-world nursing home settings. By integrating pragmatic caregiver-led delivery, multimodal outcome assessment, and long-term follow-up, this trial aims to inform exercise prescription, implementation feasibility, and potential mechanisms of adaptation in oldest-old nursing home residents. The findings are expected to support the development of scalable exercise intervention frameworks for sarcopenia management in long-term care facilities. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2500107315).

Purpose: This study examined associations between adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time, and sleep) and academic achievement in school-aged children. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Elementary schools in Hangzhou, China. Sample: Sample of 268 children aged 8-12 years (52% boys). Measures: MVPA and sleep duration were measured using accelerometers, while screen time was self-reported. Academic achievement was assessed through grades in Chinese, Math, and English, standardized into Z-scores. Covariates included age, sex, school location, and body mass index z-score. Analysis: Multiple linear regression was conducted to assess associations between combinations of adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines and academic achievement. Results: Meeting two or more recommendations was significantly associated with higher overall academic achievement compared to those meeting none ( P < 0.05). Specifically, adherence to the screen time guideline only (β = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.64) and combined adherence to both screen time and sleep guidelines (β = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.69) were positively associated with overall academic achievement. For subject-specific Z-scores, meeting at least two guidelines was linked to higher achievement in Chinese and Math ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Adherence to multiple 24-hour movement guidelines, particularly limiting recreational screen time, is associated with higher academic achievement in school-aged children. These findings highlight the potential value of integrated movement behavior strategies for educational outcomes and underscore the need for longitudinal research to clarify underlying mechanisms.

The physical activity parenting questionnaire for children (PAP-C) is designed to assess physical activity parenting practices from children’s perspectives. While initially developed in Finland, its validity and reliability have not been evaluated in different countries. This study aimed to examine the construct validity, factorial invariance, and 4-week reliability of the PAP-C in Chinese 7- to 11-year-old children. The PAP-C contains three theory-driven parenting dimensions: structure for activity, autonomy support, and involvement, with 22 items. The construct validity and internal consistency were tested by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and composite reliability in a sample of 2747 Chinese school-aged children (grades 1–6, mean age 9.1 ± 1.4 years, 48.9% girls). Factorial invariance across grades was explored via sequential multi-group CFA, and intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficients were calculated for a subsample of 865 children who completed a 4-week retest (mean age 8.7 ± 1.1 years, 47.5% girls). The PAP-C with 20 items showed high standardized factor loadings, with good to excellent internal consistency (α^a = 0.86, 0.76, 0.83) for structure for activity (10 items), autonomy support (4 items), and involvement (6 items), respectively. The factor structure exhibited strong stability, with robust fit indices confirming configural, metric, and scalar invariance. The ICCs (0.692–0.909) demonstrated good to excellent test‒retest stability for all grades. Conclusion: The PAP-C is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing children’s perceptions of physical activity parenting in Chinese school-aged children. The integration of the PAP-C with parental counseling can facilitate a more holistic assessment of physical activity parenting, a key determinant shaping children’s physical activity behavior. What is Known: • Physical activity parenting is a key determinant of children’s physical activity. • Few theory-driven child-reported physical activity parenting scales exist, with significant cultural limitations and lacking cross-national validation. What is New: • The physical activity parenting questionnaire for children (PAP-C) shows excellent construct validity and reliability in Chinese school-aged children. • Recognizing the child’s perspective on physical activity parenting enables the design of child-centered physical activity interventions in pediatric clinical settings.

Aims : To examine the validity of the Fibion accelerometer for measuring energy expenditure during controlled laboratory activities and activity types during school hours in children. Methods : In the laboratory setting, 77 children ( M _age = 9.8 ± 1.6) wore two Fibion accelerometers (thigh-mounted, pocket-mounted) while performing a series of nine functional activities and while being monitored with a portable indirect calorimetry system which served as the criterion measure. In the school-based setting, 11 children ( M _age = 10.0 ± 1.3) wore two Fibion accelerometers during school hours while being monitored with video observation as the criterion measure. Validation was evaluated using mean absolute percent error, Bland–Altman methods, equivalence testing, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results : For energy expenditure, the thigh-mounted Fibion demonstrated higher validity for sitting and standing, while the pocket-mounted Fibion was more accurate for walking and running. Both placements tended to underestimate energy expenditure during sitting (−0.249 to −0.160 kcal/min) and overestimate it during standing, walking, and running (0.032 to 0.410 kcal/min). The energy expenditure for standing measured by the thigh-mounted Fibion and running measured by the pocket-mounted Fibion were equivalent to indirect calorimetry. For activity classification, the thigh-mounted Fibion showed better validity than the pocket-mounted device for measuring duration of sitting, standing, and moving. Both placements tended to slightly underestimate durations of sitting and moving (−0.382 to −0.036 hr/day) while overestimating standing (0.218 to 0.773 hr/day). Conclusion : The Fibion accelerometer demonstrates sufficient validity for assessing energy expenditure and classifying activity types in children, with thigh-mounted placement optimal for sitting and standing, and pocket-mounted for walking and running.

Background Different types of sedentary behavior are associated with several health outcomes, but the causality of these associations remains unclear. Objectives To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization (MR) studies investigating the associations between sedentary behaviors and health outcomes. Methods A systematic search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO up to August 2023 was conducted to identify eligible MR studies. We selected studies that assessed associations of genetically determined sedentary behaviors and health outcomes. A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the causal associations when two or more MR studies were available. We graded the evidence level of each MR association based on the results of the main method and sensitivity analyses in MR studies. Results A total of 31 studies with 168 MR associations between six types of sedentary behavior and 47 health outcomes were included. Results from meta-analyses suggested a total of 47 significant causal associations between sedentary behaviors and health outcomes. Notably, more leisure TV watching is robustly correlated with increased risks of myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, all-cause ischemic stroke, and type 2 diabetes. Conversely, robust inverse associations were observed between leisure computer use and risks of rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Conclusion These findings suggest that different types of sedentary behavior have distinct causal effects on health outcomes. Therefore, interventions should focus not only on reducing sedentary time but also on promoting healthier types of sedentary behavior. PROSPERO Registration CRD42023453828.

Background: Previous observational studies have linked circulating cytokines to sarcopenia, but their causal relationship remains unclear. This study employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal links between circulating cytokines and sarcopenia‐related traits using genetic data.Methods: A two‐sample bidirectional MR analysis was conducted using data from individuals of European ancestry, utilizing genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) statistics. The study selected instrumental single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with circulating cytokines and applied multiple MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), Weighted Median, MR‐Egger, Weighted Mode, Simple Mode, and MR‐PRESSO. The traits analyzed were appendicular lean mass (ALM) and grip strength. Heterogeneity, robustness, and consistency of results were assessed using Cochran's Q statistic, MR‐Egger regression, and “leave‐one‐out” sensitivity analyses.Results: The IVM‐MR analysis showed a casual association between genetically predicted circulating levels of interleukin‐16 and both ALM and grip strength (ALM: OR = 0.990, 95% CI: 0.980–1.000, p = .049; grip strength: OR = 0.971, 95% CI: 0.948–0.995, p = .020). Additionally, interferon‐gamma‐induced protein 10 (IP‐10), interleukin‐1‐beta (IL‐1β), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were correlated with ALM and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin‐12 (IL‐12), and interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) with grip strength. Comparable results were confirmed via the MR‐Egger, Weighted Median, Weighted Mode, and Simple Mode methods. Sensitivity analysis showed no horizontal pleiotropy to bias the causal estimates.Conclusion: The results suggest a significant causal effect of inflammatory cytokines on sarcopenia, offering new avenues for therapeutic target development. However, the study's focus on a European ancestry cohort limits its generalizability to other populations. Future research should aim to include diverse ethnic groups to validate and broaden these findings, thereby enhancing our understanding of sarcopenia's mechanisms in a global context.

Background: Exercise has been reported as an effective intervention for Parkinson's disease. However, there is still debate on the what kinds of exercises prior to choosing. This study aimed to compare and rank the different exercises that effectively enhance postural balance in Parkinson's disease patients by quantifying the information gleaned from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Methods: We conducted a comprehensive database search, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality by the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.Results: The RCTs were collected between the earliest available date and March 2023. Sixty RCTs were included and the total sample size used in the study was 3,537. Thirty-five studies were defined as low risk of bias, twenty-one studies as medium risk of bias, and four studies as high risk of bias. The network meta-analysis results showed that exergaming exercise can significantly improve patients' Timed-Up-and-Go time (SUCRA = 91.5%). Dance can significantly enhance patients' Berg Balance Scale (surface under the cumulative ranking curve, SUCRA = 81.3%), and rhythmical auditory exercise can significantly improve patients' Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test score (SUCRA = 95.6%).Conclusion: Compared with other exercises, exergaming exercise, Dance, and rhythmical auditory exercise showed superior efficacy in improving postural balance among Parkinson's disease patients.Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42023411918.

The functional movement screen (FMS) is commonly used to evaluate sports injury risks, but no study has been reported for Wushu athletes. The aim of this study was to identify optimal FMS cut-off points for previously injured Wushu athletes and to examine the associations with other possible factors. In this study, a total of 84 Chinese Wushu athletes (15.1 ± 4.5 years old, 51% male) with a minimum of two years of professional training background in either Taiji, Changquan, or Nanquan were assessed by the FMS. Video recordings were used to confirm the scoring criteria, and previous injuries were assessed based on face-to-face interviews. An optimal cut-off of the FMS score was investigated by receiver operating characteristic curves with sensitivity and specificity. We found that FMS score of less than 16 (sensitivity = 80%, specificity = 56%) was related to an increased occurrence of injuries (odds ratio = 5.096, 95%CI: 1.679–15.465) for the current study sample. The training type and training levels were related with FMS scores. More than half of the athletes (58%) had FMS asymmetry and 21% of athletes reported pain while performing the FMS protocol. Future prospective studies are recommended to use FMS with cut-off of 16 points in Wushu athletes.