Pudji Lestari

Due to the drastic transformation in many sectors of life and its population characteristics, chronic diseases have become one of the biggest causes of death in Indonesia. Various speculations have been made on the demographics at risk of chronic diseases. To that end, this study aims to capture the sociodemographic profiles of the 5 most prevalent chronic diseases in Indonesia, using data from the 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). Analysis is conducted by processing data from the designated books of the 2014 IFLS 5 with SPSS. The acquired results show that most respondents suffer from hypertension, are female, and are within the span of 30 to 50 years old. More women suffer from cancer and hypertension than men, while more men suffer from heart diseases and diabetes. Most respondents come from Java and are Javanese. They mostly make up the private and government workforce and have higher incomes, in contrast to the majority low- to middle-income population of Indonesia. There are various explanations for this phenomenon, namely a longer life expectancy and more common preventive health behaviors among women, as well as biological and environmental factors that contribute to the different manifestations among men and women. Further research could be done to construct a modern-day sociodemographic profile and investigate the aforementioned phenomenon.

Despite advancements in technique and the increasing number of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedures, new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is one of the most common complications following CABG and remains a major concern. The exact mechanism is unclear, but impaired diastolic function may predispose patients to POAF. Thus, this study aims to evaluate preoperative diastolic dysfunction (DD) and associated factors as predictors of new-onset POAF. This retrospective cohort study involved patients undergoing CABG surgery who met the inclusion criteria between January 2018 to August 2022. DD was measured through preoperative transthoracic echocardiogram, while new-onset POAF was assessed through continuous electrocardiogram. A total of 191 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Data-analysis revealed no significant difference in DD between patients with and without POAF (P = 0.72). Multivariate analysis demonstrated left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) (odds ratio [OR] = 2.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.12 - 5.59]; P = 0.02), in-stent restenosis (ISR) ≥ 70% (OR = 6.34; 95% CI [1.68 - 23.92]; P < 0.01), reduced ejection fraction ≤ 50% (OR = 2.18; 95% CI [0.94 - 5.06]; P = 0.07), and electrolyte imbalance (OR = 2.14; 95% CI [2.91 - 24.75]; P < 0.01) as the independent predictors of new-onset POAF. DD was not identified as a predictor of new-onset POAF in patients undergoing CABG. The independent predictors identified in this study included male sex, comorbid LMCAD and ISR ≥ 70%, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 50%, and postoperative electrolyte imbalance.

Background: Craniotomy involves creating multiple burr holes followed by the opening of a bone flap. After the intracranial procedure, the bone flap is replaced (osteoplasty), but burr hole defects remain and may lead to scalp depressions over time. This study evaluates the effectiveness of using a graft combination of bovine scaffold material and autologous calvarial bone dust for burr hole defect closure in calvarial osteoplasty. Methods: The scaffold was derived from the epiphysis of bovine cancellous femur bone, prepared by the tissue bank of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, and adjusted to fit burr hole defects. Four patients underwent grafting with this combination during osteoplasty. All patients were followed up and evaluated at least 1 year after graft placement. Clinical assessment focused on scalp depressions, while head computed tomography (CT) scans were used to evaluate bone integration between the calvarial bone and the graft. Results: Among four patients, one showed scalp depression at the graft site, while the other three had no visible indentations. CT scans demonstrated that the three cases without scalp depression have intact grafts with cortical thickening in some areas. The single case with depression exhibited graft resorption and lytic bone changes. Importantly, no signs of graft rejection or allergic reactions were observed in any patient. Conclusion: This study suggests that the combination of bovine scaffold material and autologous calvarial bone dust in burr hole defect closure during calvarial osteoplasty can prevent scalp depression in the defect area.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and risk factors associated with microtia at Airlangga University Hospital. Design: A retrospective and unmatched case–control study involving 354 microtia patients and 354 controls, using convenience sampling from regions across western to eastern Indonesia. Setting: Airlangga University Hospital, a national referral center for microtia in Indonesia. Participants: Patients and controls were recruited through online questionnaires. Interventions: None; data were collected using Google Forms. Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence, laterality, severity (Hunter's Classification), and potential risk factors, including parental health, smoking exposure, folic acid intake, TORCH vaccination, and family history. Results: Microtia was more prevalent in males (78%) with a male-to-female ratio of 3.53:1 ( P < .001). Unilateral cases dominated (80.2%), mainly affecting the right ear (61.3%). Grade 3 microtia was most common (59%). After performing multiple unconditional logistic regression analyses, significant risk factors associated with the microtia group included maternal history of miscarriage/stillbirth (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.74-4.96), diabetes (AOR = 6.46), hypertension (AOR = 4.18), maternal smoking (AOR = 2.06), paternal smoking (AOR = 2.42-2.83), lack of TORCH vaccination (AOR = 1.59-2.02), and family history (AOR = 5.36), all with P value < .05. Conclusions: Microtia in Indonesia reflects global patterns, with male predominance and right-sided unilateral cases. Associated risk factors include parental smoking, maternal comorbidities, lack of TORCH vaccination, and genetic predisposition. Public health strategies should promote smoking cessation, prenatal care, and vaccination. Further studies should ensure matching between the control and microtia groups, minimize recall bias, and explore genetic links.

Anemia pada remaja putri di Kota Bima masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan anemia pada remaja putri di salah satu SMK di Kota Bima. Metode penelitian ini analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional). Dilakukan pada bulan oktober 2024 hingga mei 2025 di salah satu SMK di Kota Bima. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 122 remaja putri kelas X yang didapatkan dengan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, pengukuran antropometri, dan pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin menggunakan alat hemoglobin meter digital. Metode analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil Terdapat 33,6% remaja putri kelas X mengalami anemia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi (p=0,001), kebiasaan makan (p=0,012; OR=2,795), konsumsi tablet tambah darah (TTD) (p=0,001; OR=0,142), dan riwayat penyakit (p=0,021; OR=3,516) dengan anemia. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara usia menarche (p=0,393), siklus menstruasi (p=0,245), dan lama menstruasi (p=0,342) dengan anemia. Kesimpulannya bahwa Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di salah satu SMK di Kota Bima adalah status gizi, kebiasaan makan, konsumsi tablet tambah darah (TTD), dan riwayat penyakit. Saran diperlukan upaya kolaboratif dari sekolah, puskesmas, dan orangtua dalam pencegahan anemia pada remaja putri.

Introduction: Microtia is a congenital malformation of the auricle that leads to serious functional and psychosocial consequences. Familial factors, such as the types of auricular anomalies present in family members and sex concordance between affected individuals, may provide crucial insights into its etiology. This study aims to examine the association of the types of ear anomalies found in family members and sex concordance between these individuals with the occurrence of microtia. Methods: This case–control study was conducted with 244 respondents, involving 122 patients with congenital microtia in the case group and 122 participants with normal ears in the control group. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on sex concordance between participants and family members with ear anomalies, as well as the type of auricular anomaly observed in the affected family members. Cross-tabulation and Chi-square analyses were performed to assess the associations between these variables. Results: While family members with ear anomalies were reported more frequently in the microtia group, the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.472). Similarly, sex concordance was also not significantly associated with microtia occurrence ( P = 0.743). Conclusion: Neither sex concordance nor the type of auricular anomalies in family members demonstrates a significant relationship with the occurrence of microtia. These findings indicate that, despite the possible contribution of familial factors, microtia most likely results from multifactorial causes that involve both genetic and environmental interactions.

Objective: This study aims to explore the characteristics of microtia in Indonesia and examine whether family traits influence its severity, focusing on other congenital anomalies in patients categorized as either isolated or syndromic microtia. Design: This study is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Setting: Questionnaires were distributed via the WhatsApp group “Indonesian Microtia Family,” established by the Airlangga University Hospital Microtia Team. Patients, Participants: A total of 354 respondents completed the questionnaire, comprising patients with microtia and their family members and relatives. Interventions: There is no intervention in this study. Main Outcome Measure(s): The data on the characteristics of patients with microtia are presented in a descriptive form. An analysis was conducted to determine the influence of family characteristics on the presence of other congenital anomalies in patients. Results: Familial microtia, defined as microtia occurring in patients with a family history of microtia or related anomalies such as preauricular tags and preauricular fistulas, significantly influences the presence of additional congenital malformations (syndromic microtia), as indicated by a P value of .018. An odds ratio of 3.191 was obtained, indicating that the risk of isolated microtia occurrence is 3 times higher in familial microtia compared to sporadic microtia. Conclusions: In Indonesia, the majority of patients with microtia are male (78%), unilateral right (55.9%), third-degree Hunter (64.4%), solitary (72%), and sporadic (88.1%). Compared to sporadic microtia, familial microtia will increase the probability of isolated microtia occurrence by 3-fold.

Background/Aim: The effectiveness and efficiency of tenogenic secretomes products are crucial to assess. Storage conditions affect both the distribution process and the stability of the tenogenic secretomes and their components. This study aimed to examine how different storage temperatures impact the stability of tenogenic secretomes chemically, physically and biologically. Methods: This in vitro experimental, comparative study was conducted in a laboratory setting. The effect of room temperature (R) at 20-25 °C was compared with a refrigerator (K) at 4 °C on tenogenic secretome stability over 30 days. The sample size was 24 liquid tenogenic secretomes determined using the Federer Formula (1963). The samples were divided into four groups: (R1, K1) for day-1 evaluation and (R30, K30) for day-30 evaluation. The parameters used in this study were physical (optical density (OD); weight differences (D weight) and colour changes); chemical (transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) concentration); and biological (bacterial growth) stability. The main outcome measures were TGF-b concentration, colour, weight differences, optical density changes and bacterial growth. Results: There were no significant differences between each parameter evaluation in the R1-K1 group ((OD, p-value = 0.729); (TGF-b, p-value = 0.656); (D weight, p-value = 0.262)) or R30-K30 group ((OD, p-value = 0.505); (TGF-b p-value = 0.182); (D weight, p-value = 0.214)). There was no significant correlation between the storage temperature and bacterial growth in either the R1-K1 group (p-value = 0.439) or R30-K30 group (p-value = 0.439). The R30 group samples, however, displayed more noticeable colour changes compared to the initial colour and the K30 group. Conclusion: The OD, TGF-b, weight, colour and bacterial growth were not significantly affected at either fridge or room temperature. The components of the tenogenic secretome remained stable after 30 days of storage without experiencing substantial deterioration despite the temperature condition.

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common degenerative condition that often requires decompression surgery. Various techniques, including open laminectomy, minimally invasive unilateral laminotomy bilateral decompression (MIS-ULBD), and unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) surgery, are utilized. This study compares the functional outcomes and complications of these methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, analyzing studies from PubMed, Springerlink, and other databases. The key variables studied included the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay duration, operative time, and postoperative complications. A total of 14 studies with 1,427 patients aged 52.35-74.52 years were included. MIS resulted in shorter operative times compared to UBE, but UBE had a lower complication rate. UBE also demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of VAS pain reduction, ODI scores, and shorter hospital stays compared to both MIS and open laminectomy. UBE and MIS each present post-operative advantages. UBE offers faster recovery and reduced pain, while MIS has the benefit of shorter surgery times. Despite the steep learning curve and more complex instrumentation required, UBE is a safe and effective alternative to traditional decompression techniques, offering better functional outcomes in LSS patients compared to MIS and open laminectomy.

New research from the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that the incidence of caesarean sections in childbirth continues to increase globally, accounting for more than 1 in 5 (21%) of all births. Although there is a considerable amount of literature on complications following caesarean section, the demand for caesarean section without medical indication and at maternal request is increasing. This study aimed to identify the reasons why mothers choose to have a caesarean section without a medical indication. Mothers may choose to have a caesarean section due to fear of vaginal delivery, concerns about perceived health risks, previous traumatic childbirth experiences, worries about future sexual life, positive attitudes towards the caesarean section, and the decision-making process. It can be concluded that many expectant mothers are not adequately prepared for this process. Tackling this problem requires collaboration between different stakeholders. WHO has recommended guidelines for non-clinical interventions to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections, targeting women, health professionals and health organizations, facilities, or systems.