Priscila Maria Marcheti

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento dos relatos de violência ocorrida no ambiente de trabalho contra profissionais de saúde em Mato Grosso do Sul e que foram noticiados pela mídia. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza mista (quantitativo e qualitativo), de base documental, fundamentado em análise de conteúdos jornalísticos. Os dados foram extraídos de jornais on-line de Mato Grosso do Sul, com o recorte temporal de 1º de janeiro de 2012 a 30 de março de 2024. Utilizou-se análise descritiva, com base na técnica de análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Foram identificados, na mídia, 44 casos de profissionais vítimas de violência no trabalho, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (51%). Os profissionais de enfermagem foram os mais citados nas matérias jornalísticas, representando 57% dos conteúdos publicados. A violência física (88%) foi a forma mais reportada, e um dos principais motivos de agressão foi a discordância de pacientes quanto ao manejo do atendimento (29%).

Objetivo: verificar a relação entre sofrimento mental e raça/cor da pele de profissionais de enfermagem atuando no contexto da COVID-19. Metodologia: estudo transversal, descritivo, correlacional e quantitativo com abordagem amostral não probabilística, utilizando a técnica bola de neve com 1.737 profissionais de enfermagem. Foi realizada coleta virtual com questionário de caracterização pessoal/profissional e Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas Psíquicos-40-R. Foi utilizado o software G*power versão 3.0. Adotou-se um nível de significância de ppost hoc foi de 100% com poder de efeito de 0,50. Resultados: predominaram os enfermeiros brancos (51,2%) e técnicos de enfermagem negros/pardos (46,3%). Constatou-se média mais alta no domínio Psicoticismo entre profissionais negros/pardos (p=0,048), que recebem salários mais baixos do que os brancos (48,8%, p=0,001). Estes últimos estavam insatisfeitos com o espaço oferecido para o descanso no trabalho e na troca de turnos (55,3%, p=0,033), recebem menos apoio psicológico/emocional da instituição onde trabalham/estudam (pós-graduação) (19,5%, p=0,004) e tiveram um maior número de mortes de familiares, amigos, vizinhos e colegas de trabalho/estudo devido à COVID-19 (30,7%) do que os brancos. Profissionais brancos e negros/pardos estavam satisfeitos com a disponibilidade de álcool em gel (p=0,001) e as condições para lavagem das mãos (p=0,001). Conclusão: esses achados levantam preocupações sobre as condições de trabalho, a negligência por parte das instituições de saúde e a desigualdade social que afetam a saúde mental das profissionais negras/pardas.

Psychic suffering is typical of the human condition and involves multideterminant factors in its origin, with significant influence from affective–relational–economic issues, invariably marked by negative and positive experiences. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the process of construction and content validation of a set of nursing actions to integrate a mobile educational technology to assist individuals in psychic distress in primary health care. Methods: This was a methodological study in four stages: scope review, qualitative research, elaboration of a set of nursing actions and content validation. It was carried out from December/2022 to December/2023, with 16 Brazilian specialists, a minimum Content Validity Index of 80% and Cronbach’s Alpha (α). Results: Six sets of actions were elaborated and evaluated: nursing actions in the initial assessment of the individual in psychic distress (99% α 0.47); nursing actions towards individuals in psychic distress with complaints associated with Depressive Disorder (93.4% α 0.84); nursing actions towards individuals in psychic distress with complaints associated with Anxiety Disorder (95.4% α 0.88); nursing actions towards individuals in psychic distress with Suicidal Ideation (96.3% α 0.71); nursing actions towards individuals in psychic distress resulting from the use of psychoactive substances (99.6% α 0.77) and; nursing actions towards individuals in psychic distress as a result of grief situations (98.6% α 0.28). Conclusions: The set of actions proved to be validated and to have acceptable reliability, thus contributing to supporting the development of educational technology. The conclusions of this research highlight the possibility for nurses to conduct nursing actions in the care of people in psychic distress, in a non-specialized context. In addition, this is a resource to improve the routine mental health care of nurses who work in primary health care.

Background: Major depressive disorder contributes to the global burden of mental illness. Therapeutic guidelines promote treatment self-management and support caregivers and family members in this process. Objective: We aimed to identify therapeutic guidelines for the symptoms of major depressive disorder. Methods: This scoping review followed the assumptions established by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) protocol, carried out in 12 databases (LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, b-on, BDENF, AgeLine, Cochrane, BVS, IBECS, and CINAHL) and 5 secondary gray literature sources (Google Scholar, Global ETD Search, EBSCO Open Dissertations, CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations, and the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of the University of Sao Paulo). The eligibility criteria were based on the population, concept, and context framework: people diagnosed with major depressive disorder aged >18 years (population), therapeutic guidelines for self-management of major depressive disorder symptoms (concept), and symptoms of major depressive disorder (context). Data collection was carried out from March to July 2022 and updated in June 2024. The included studies were experimental, quasi-experimental, analytical observational, descriptive observational, qualitative, or quantitative studies; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; and scoping and literature reviews published in full without time restrictions in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. All the information, as well as the studies captured, was stored in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet using Rayyan and the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The titles, abstracts, and full texts were carefully read and classified, extracting the results. After review by 2 independent researchers, 62 studies were selected. The results are presented descriptively, including characterization of the studies and mapping and categorization of groups and subgroups of therapeutic guidelines for self-management of major depressive disorder. Results: In total, 62 studies published between 2011 and 2023 were included, where 44 (71%) came from indexed data sources and 18 (29%) were gray literature indexed on Google Scholar (13/62, 21%), doctoral theses (3/62, 5%), and master’s dissertations (2/62, 3%). Among the therapeutic guidelines identified, mapped, and categorized, 7 major groups were identified for self-management: psychotherapy (32/62, 52%), adoption of healthy habits (25/62, 40%), integrative and complementary practices (17/62, 27%), relaxation techniques (9/62, 14%), consultation with a health professional (14/62, 22%), pharmacological therapy (9/62, 14%), and leisure or pleasurable activities (4/62, 6%). Conclusions: It was possible to identify therapeutic guidelines to promote self-management of major depressive disorder in the adult population. Therapeutic guidance is an important resource for patients, their families, and the community, making patients the protagonists of their own health. For health professionals, therapeutic guidelines become tools that help develop skills and competencies for care among patients, thus ensuring their ability to self-manage major depressive disorder.

Introdução: A Atenção Primária em Saúde desempenha um papel crucial no atendimento de mulheres em situação de violência doméstica, sendo a porta de entrada para as usuárias. Objetivo: compreender a percepção de profissionais da saúde sobre o atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência doméstica. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo descritivo-exploratório, realizado em agosto de 2023 com 20 profissionais de saúde em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. Resultados: Os profissionais revelaram desconhecimento sobre como lidar e de fluxo existente no município, dificuldades no atendimento das mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica e estratégias para conduzir o atendimento às mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica. A subnotificação da violência doméstica é atribuída à inexperiência e falta de capacitação dos profissionais, além de obstáculos como estrutura física inadequada e sobrecarga de trabalho. Considerações finais: Sugere-se a reflexão sobre a criação de um fluxograma na Atenção Primária em Saúde, protocolos orientadores, o desenvolvimento contínuo de ferramentas e capacitações e mais pesquisas são essenciais.

BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder contributes to the global burden of mental illness. Therapeutic guidelines promote treatment self-management and support caregivers and family members in this process. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify therapeutic guidelines for the symptoms of major depressive disorder. METHODS This scoping review followed the assumptions established by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) protocol, carried out in 12 databases (LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, b-on, BDENF, AgeLine, Cochrane, BVS, IBECS, and CINAHL) and 5 secondary gray literature sources (Google Scholar, Global ETD Search, EBSCO Open Dissertations, CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations, and the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of the University of Sao Paulo). The eligibility criteria were based on the population, concept, and context framework: people diagnosed with major depressive disorder aged >18 years (population), therapeutic guidelines for self-management of major depressive disorder symptoms (concept), and symptoms of major depressive disorder (context). Data collection was carried out from March to July 2022 and updated in June 2024. The included studies were experimental, quasi-experimental, analytical observational, descriptive observational, qualitative, or quantitative studies; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; and scoping and literature reviews published in full without time restrictions in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. All the information, as well as the studies captured, was stored in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet using Rayyan and the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The titles, abstracts, and full texts were carefully read and classified, extracting the results. After review by 2 independent researchers, 62 studies were selected. The results are presented descriptively, including characterization of the studies and mapping and categorization of groups and subgroups of therapeutic guidelines for self-management of major depressive disorder. RESULTS In total, 62 studies published between 2011 and 2023 were included, where 44 (71%) came from indexed data sources and 18 (29%) were gray literature indexed on Google Scholar (13/62, 21%), doctoral theses (3/62, 5%), and master’s dissertations (2/62, 3%). Among the therapeutic guidelines identified, mapped, and categorized, 7 major groups were identified for self-management: psychotherapy (32/62, 52%), adoption of healthy habits (25/62, 40%), integrative and complementary practices (17/62, 27%), relaxation techniques (9/62, 14%), consultation with a health professional (14/62, 22%), pharmacological therapy (9/62, 14%), and leisure or pleasurable activities (4/62, 6%). CONCLUSIONS It was possible to identify therapeutic guidelines to promote self-management of major depressive disorder in the adult population. Therapeutic guidance is an important resource for patients, their families, and the community, making patients the protagonists of their own health. For health professionals, therapeutic guidelines become tools that help develop skills and competencies for care among patients, thus ensuring their ability to self-manage major depressive disorder.

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar los resultados de la implantación del proyecto Territorios Integrados de Atención a la Salud (TEIAS) en una capital brasileña. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo basado en datos secundarios del e-Gestor AB, el e-SUS, el Historial Electrónico del Ciudadano, el Sistema de Información en Salud para la Atención Básica y los informes de gestión del proyecto TEIAS para el período comprendido entre 2020 y agosto de 2023. Los resultados sugieren el poder de las estrategias de innovación para fortalecer la atención primaria de salud (APS) a través de la formación profesional alineada con las características y demandas de los territorios, del aumento de la cobertura de la APS, del aumento de la oferta y la resolutividad y de la evaluación de los usuarios de los servicios. Se concluyó que las innovaciones contribuyeron a la ampliación y cualificación del acceso a la APS, siendo los avances más evidentes los relacionados con el proceso de formación de los profesionales en el nivel de residencia (orientado radicalmente hacia los atributos de la APS) y la incorporación de nuevas prácticas no realizadas anteriormente por la APS en el territorio en cuestión.

This article aimed to analyze the results of implementing the Integrated Health Care Territories (TEIAS) project in a Brazilian capital. The quantitative study was based on secondary data from the e-Gestor AB, e-SUS, the Electronic Citizen Record, the Primary Care Health Information System, and the TEIAS project management reports from 2020 to August 2023. The results suggest the power of innovation strategies for strengthening Primary Health Care (PHC) through professional training aligned with the characteristics and demands of the territories, increasing PHC coverage, service provision, resolution, and service user evaluation. We concluded that innovations expanded and improved access to PHC, and the most significant advances were achieved in training professionals at the residency level (strictly oriented towards PHC attributes) and incorporating new practices not previously performed by PHC into the territory in question.

Resumo O objetivo desse artigo foi analisar resultados oriundos da implementação do projeto Territórios Integrados de Atenção à Saúde (TEIAS) em uma capital brasileira. Estudo quantitativo, com base em dados secundários provenientes dos bancos de dados e-Gestor AB, e-SUS, Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão, Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica e de relatórios gerenciais do projeto TEIAS, referentes ao período de 2020 a agosto de 2023. Os resultados sugerem a potência das estratégias de inovação, para o fortalecimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) por meio da formação profissional alinhada às características e demandas dos territórios, do aumento da cobertura da APS, do incremento da oferta e da resolutividade, e da avaliação dos usuários dos serviços. Concluiu-se que as inovações contribuíram para a ampliação e qualificação do acesso à APS, sendo os avanços mais evidentes relativos ao processo formativo dos profissionais em nível de residência (radicalmente orientado para os atributos da APS) e a incorporação de novas práticas até então não realizadas pela APS no território em questão.