Nausheen Syed

The lack of women’s presence in firms’ top management positions reflects gender equity problems, especially in South Asia, including Pakistan, and contours a firm’s financial behavior. Based on the underpinning of the conceptual framework developed by a combination of fourteen femininity theories, the current study investigates women’s induction in top management and its impact on a firm’s financial behavior. We collected data from annual reports of 60 non-financial firms listed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for 2013–2019. The study uses the return of assets (ROA), firm’s stability (FSTB), and risk-taking behavior (RTB) as dependent variables. Meanwhile, board gender diversity (BGD), female CEO (FCEO), female director-general (FDG), and female in audit committee (FIAC) are taken as independent variables. A multiple regression diagnostics approach is applied to analyze the data. The study reveals the positive impact of BGD on ROA and FSTB. However, this effect is adverse to RTB. The FIAC shows a positive (negative) impact on ROA (RTB). It also finds a negative impact of FCEO and FDG on ROA and FSTB.

This study aims to determine the moderating role of IT capability between green intellectual capital (GIC) and business sustainability in China’s manufacturing sector. A quantitative analysis approach is applied to the primary data collected through a close-ended survey questionnaire from 1000 supply chain employees of China’s manufacturing industry. Results revealed that the association and effect of GIC on the business sustainability of Chinese manufacturing companies were statistically significant, while the moderating role of IT capability between GIC and business sustainability was also found. Notably, all variables indicating GIC (i.e., green human capital (GHC), green structural capital (GSC), and green relationship capital (GRC)) affected business sustainability positively and significantly, whereas the moderation of IT capability was specific to GSC and GRC. Hence, it has been recommended to the Chinese manufacturing companies to integrate IT infrastructure in their firms to enhance business sustainability. However, this research was limited to the Chinese manufacturing sector and cannot be generalized to other sectors or countries.