Emma R. Brannon

Bone metastasis continues to be the greatest challenge in treating patients with prostate cancer despite ongoing research. In bone, prostate cancer tumors hijack normal bone remodeling processes to drive cancer progression. However, it is unclear how these interactions drive bone-metastatic prostate cancer growth in the bone environment. To understand the mechanisms associated with bone-metastatic prostate cancer regulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), we previously identified that bone-metastatic prostate cancer induces MSC expression of the pro-inflammatory chemokine CXCL8 and its mouse functional homologue Cxcl1. To date, there has been little to no information about the role of CXCL1/8 in MSC biology and its impact in the tumor–bone environment. Using genetic deletion of Cxcl1, we discovered a novel role for Cxcl1/8 in regulating MSC osteoblast differentiation, such that targeted deletion of Cxcl1 enhanced MSC osteoblastogenesis. Despite the osteogenic nature of prostate cancer, co-injection of Cxcl1 knockout (KO) MSCs with bone-metastatic prostate cancer in bone significantly suppressed tumor growth compared with co-injection with scrambled control (non-targeting) MSCs, even in the presence of three times more prostate cancer to MSCs. Furthermore, bulk RNA sequencing revealed immune response pathways, both in Cxcl1-KO MSCs and bone-metastatic prostate cancer tumors containing Cxcl1-KO MSCs. In support of this, Cxcl1-KO MSCs reduced immature neutrophils in the bone environment, while increasing monocytes. These findings demonstrate the importance of MSC-derived Cxcl1 in the bone microenvironment and highlight the importance of Cxcl1 in bone-metastatic prostate cancer progression.Implications:MSC-derived Cxcl1 regulates prostate cancer progression in bone.

CXCL1/8 KD Increases MSC Osteoblast Differentiation

Cxcl1 KO MSCs Promote BM-PCa Osteogenesis In Vivo

Cxcl1 KO MSCs suppresses C42B growth and regulates the immune environment

GSEA of Cxcl1 KD shRNA MSCs RNA Sequencing Results

Cxcl1 regulates PCa proliferation and receptor expression

Cxcl1 KO MSCs Have Altered Collagen and ECM Pathway

SgRNA sequences for Generation of Cxcl1 KO MSCs

Cxcl1 KO MSCs suppress RM1 proliferation