Myungjin Jung

Existing resilience measures have psychometric shortcomings, and there is no current gold-standard resilience measure. Previous work indicates adults enrolled in a health coaching program may benefit from a resilience measure that is tailored and contextualized to this sample. This two-part study aimed to develop and evaluate a resilience instrument focused on health behavior change in adults in a health coaching program. Two studies were conducted to (1) create a resilience instrument (Health Resilience Profile; HRP) specific to adults attempting health behavior change (n = 427; female = 83.8%; age = 44.5 ± 11.9 years) and to (2) optimize the instrument performance using Rasch analysis (n = 493; female = 62.1%; age = 49.8 ± 12.5 years). Study 1 identified two issues: (1) four unacceptable misfit items and (2) inappropriate rating scale functioning. Study 2 evaluated an improved instrument based on the outcome of study 1 resulting in one more misfit item, and unidimensionality was supported. The new four-category rating scale functioned well. The item-person map indicated that item difficulty distribution was well matched to participants’ resilience level, and items were free from measurement error. Finally, items did not show differential item functioning across age, sex, alcohol use, and obesity status. The 18-item HRP is optimized for adults in a health coaching program.

This study aimed to (1) investigate age-associated trends in depression and cognition, (2) determine whether the association between depression and cognition varies across age, and (3) test whether...

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate secular trends in domain-specific physical activity in the immigrant population in the US between 2009 and 2018. Method: A secondary data analysis from the 2009–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; a total of 7282 immigrants in the US were included in this analysis. All domain-specific physical activity was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Tests for linear trends were performed to examine the trends of each physical activity time using orthogonal polynomial coefficients. Physical activity trends were assessed by the whole group and the various subgroups. Results: Total physical activity showed an upward linear trend in female (P_trend = .04) and young adult (P_trend = .009) immigrants. Work-related physical activity showed an upward linear trend in young adult immigrants (P_trend = .01). Recreational physical activity showed an upward linear trend in young adult (P_trend = .03) and Mexican American (P_trend < .001) immigrants and in immigrants living in the US for 15–29 years (P_trend = .02). In contrast, we observed downward linear trends in transit-related physical activity for immigrants across male (P_trend = .04), middle-aged adult (P_trend = .01), and non-Hispanic black groups (P_trend = .004) and in immigrants living in the US for 15–29 years (P_trend = .03). Conclusion: There were no significant linear trends in the 4 domains of physical activity in the overall US immigrant population; however, trends in domain-specific physical activity in the US immigrant population differed by gender, age, race/ethnicity, and length of residence. These findings may inform physical activity promotion strategies targeting US immigrant populations with diverse sociocultural backgrounds.

Objectives: To examine the mediated relationship between objectively measured obesity, accelerometer‐based moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and length of residence among US immigrants.Methods: A total of 885 adults (≥18 years) who were born outside the United States from the 2003 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in the analysis. The participants were categorized into two groups (i.e., living in the United States ≥15 years vs. β = −4.50,p = .04), and more likely to be at high risk of obesity (a;β = 1.70,p = .01) compared to those living in the United States for β = −0.80,p = .003). Length of residence was indirectly associated with MVPA (ab;β = −1.37,p = .03), suggesting that obesity mediated the association of length of residence on MVPA (c';β = −3.13,p = .20).Conclusions: Obesity mediated the association between length of residence and MVPA in the US immigrants. These findings may encourage long‐term US immigrants to prevent and treat obesity for increasing the amount of MVPA time.

The purpose of the present study was to examine a serial-multiple mediation of physical activity (PA) enjoyment and PA intention in the relationship between creativity and PA level (i.e., moderate-to-vigorous PA). A total of 298 undergraduate and graduate students completed a self-reported questionnaire evaluating creativity, PA enjoyment, PA intention, and PA level. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, ordinary least-squares regression analysis, and bootstrap methodology. Based on the research findings, both PA enjoyment (β = 0.06; 95% CI [0.003, 0.12]) and PA intention (β = 0.08; 95% CI [0.03, 0.13]) were found to be a mediator of the relationship between creativity and PA level, respectively. Moreover, the serial-multiple mediation of PA enjoyment and PA intention in the relationship between creativity and PA level was statistically significant (β = 0.02; 95% CI [0.01, 0.04]). These findings underscore the importance of shaping both cognitive and affective functions for PA promotion and provide additional support for a neurocognitive affect-related model in the PA domain. In order to guide best practices for PA promotion programs aimed at positively influencing cognition and affect, future PA interventions should develop evidence-based strategies that routinely evaluate cognitive as well as affective responses to PA.

Note. R = reversed-scored item.