Untung Gunawan

This community service activity aimed to enhance the knowledge and awareness of students at Bunda Hati Kudus (BHK) Junior High School on helminthiasis prevention. The program was implemented through education on clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) and training on proper handwashing based on World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Program effectiveness was assessed using pre- and post-test evaluations. Education was provided to 51 junior high school students of class XI BHK through lectures, discussions, question and answer sessions, case studies, and workshops. Knowledge evaluation was conducted using a questionnaire completed by participants before and after the activity. Data analysis was performed descriptively to determine an overall picture of pre- and post-test data, Fisher's Exact test to identify differences in the proportion of correct answers for each pre- and post-test question, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to determine differences in medians between pre- and post-test data overall. Descriptive analysis shows that the proportion of students with a good level of knowledge increased from 72.00% to 96.08%. A significant increase in correct answers was observed in questions 1, 5, 6, and 10 (p<0.05), and overall there was an increase in the median pre- and post-test scores from 8 to 10 (p<0.001). This educational activity successfully increased students' knowledge about the prevention of worm infections and proper handwashing practices. Recommended follow-up actions include extending the duration of the activity, developing more varied educational materials, and implementing a follow-up program to ensure the sustainable application of healthy living behaviors among students.

The detection of cooking oil adulteration is critical for consumer protection and quality control.

Background and purpose: Mitragynine is an active compound in kratom that is metabolized to the pharmacologically active 7-hydroxymitragynine, requiring an integrated pharmacokinetic approach to maintain plasma concentrations of both within the optimal range. This study aims to develop an integrated pharmacokinetic model of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine using Bayesian inference. Experimental approach: A secondary dataset of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in healthy human plasma was extracted and used to construct a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model upon oral administration. Initial parameter estimation was performed using a deterministic model fit to determine prior parameters. Bayesian inference was performed using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo across four independent chains, each with 2,000 iterations. Key results: The prior distribution estimation indicated that the Markov Chain Monte Carlo chain had converged and attained stationarity, yielding many independent effective samples. In general, no correlation between pharmacokinetic parameters was found due to modelling errors. The posterior predictive check plot confirmed a good fit between the model and the data. Pharmacokinetic simulations of repeated administration have been successfully developed and used to predict essential parameters in repeated administration, such as accumulation factors, maximum plasma concentration, time to maximum concentration, minimum plasma concentration, and area under the curve. Conclusion: The pharmacokinetics of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine were successfully modelled simultaneously with two compartments and proportional residuals using Bayesian inference with high accuracy.

Mitragyna speciosa, commonly referred to as kratom, is known for its active compound, mitragynine, which is classified as a new psychoactive substance. The availability of mitragynine standards remains a challenge, highlighting the need for effective and efficient methods for isolating this compound from kratom. This study aimed to computationally design a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for the selective isolation of mitragynine. Computational studies were conducted using the B3LYP def2TZVP method with DFT-D4 dispersion, and the results were verified by a laboratory experiment and a molecular dynamics study. The study revealed that methacrylic acid was the optimal monomer for MIP interactions in methanol. Laboratory experiments, employing the association constant and Job plot methods, confirmed that methanol was the ideal solvent for the pre-polymerization complex, with an equilibrium template-to-monomer ratio of 1:3. Radial distribution function analysis from molecular dynamics simulations further supported that the 1:3 template-to-monomer ratio was optimal, aligning with experimental findings. This study’s findings suggest that computational analysis may be employed for the rational design of improved MIPs and for further laboratory investigation into the selective isolation of mitragynine from plants.

Ibuprofen (IBP), a BCS Class II drug, exhibits poor solubility and a high sticking tendency during compression in tablet manufacturing. This study presents a novel ultrasound-assisted cocrystallization method using nicotinamide (NIC) as a coformer at a 1:1 molar ratio in acetonitrile, followed by sonication at 50 kHz for 10–60 minutes. Differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of a new solid phase, while microscopy revealed time-dependent changes in crystal habit. Infrared spectroscopy identified two new hydrogen-bond peaks, which correlated with density functional theory (DFT) computational analysis, confirming the presence of two intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Complexation energy, thermodynamic parameters, and frontier molecular orbital calculations further validated cocrystal stability, particularly in acetonitrile. The optimized cocrystal obtained after 60 minutes of sonication improved solubility by 1.3-fold (60.89 ± 0.74 ppm) compared with pure IBP (45.76 ± 1.04 ppm). The formulated tablets exhibited improved hardness, low friability, and no sticking. This combined experimental–computational approach demonstrates a robust and efficient strategy for enhancing the solubility and manufacturability of IBP.

Metal-decorated Al ₁₂ N ₁₂ nanocages as tunable nanocarriers for methimazole, offering a promising alternative approach for hyperthyroidism therapy.

Penyalahgunaan antibiotik di kalangan generasi muda menjadi masalah kesehatan global yang signifikan, yang dapat berujung pada resistensi antibiotik. Pengetahuan yang tepat mengenai penggunaan antibiotik yang bijak sangat penting untuk mencegah fenomena ini. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa SMA Pelita 2 Jakarta mengenai penggunaan antibiotik yang tepat dan bahaya resistensi antibiotik. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui penyuluhan edukatif yang meliputi penyampaian materi interaktif, demonstrasi laboratorium, dan permainan edukatif. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan pre-test dan post-test, serta formulir evaluasi berbasis skala Likert. Hasil pre-test dan post-test menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan, dengan persentase siswa yang memiliki pengetahuan tinggi meningkat dari 69,77% menjadi 93,00%. Evaluasi berbasis skala Likert menunjukkan skor tinggi pada kategori kejelasan materi, relevansi topik, dan penguasaan materi oleh pemateri, dengan skor rata-rata lebih dari 4 dari 5. Uji statistik non-parametrik menunjukkan perbedaan skor yang signifikan antara pre-test dan post-test. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, kegiatan edukasi dapat dikatakan berhasil dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa mengenai penggunaan antibiotik yang tepat serta resistensinya, serta meningkatkan kesadaran mereka tentang pentingnya penggunaan antibiotik yang bijak

The World Health Organization released the fungal priority pathogen list (FPPL) in late 2022, identifying fungal pathogens in urgent need of research and intervention. Triazole antifungals, as first-line therapy, require therapeutic drug monitoring to optimize outcomes because of their narrow therapeutic range and interindividual pharmacokinetic variability. The bioanalysis process is challenging due to complex matrices. This study aimed to develop and validate an analytical method for quantifying voriconazole, itraconazole, and fluconazole in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with an imprinted polymer sorbent. Optimization employed a C ₁₈ column with isocratic elution (acetonitrile:water 70:30, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and detection at 260 nm. Retention times were 2.467, 3.487, and 9.006 minutes for fluconazole, voriconazole, and itraconazole, respectively. System suitability testing met chromatographic requirements. The validated bioanalytical method complies with U.S. FDA guidelines, demonstrating linearity over the 0.5–5 mg/L range. Maximum percent bias was 13.4% for the calibration curve, 15.6% at the LLOQ, and 12.9% above the LLOQ. Precision showed a maximum coefficient of variation of 12.9%, confirming the method’s accuracy and reproducibility. The molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) method showed superior selectivity and recovery compared with commercial C ₁₈ SPE cartridges. This study establishes a reliable method for future clinical sample applications.