Krishna Chattopadhyay

This study unveils an efficient multicomponent synthesis of versatile and highly substituted 1,2,5‐trisubstituted imidazoles using arylglyoxals, amines, and K ₂ S ₂ O ₈ .The synthesized imidazole derivatives showed potent efficacy against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein in breast cancer through molecular docking, with two molecules exhibiting remarkable activity. Molecular dynamics and ADMET profiles confirmed biocompatibility, advancing the quest for effective breast cancer therapies.

This review highlights recent progress in metal hydroxide–organic frameworks (MHOFs), focusing on their synthesis, mechanisms, and applications in sustainable energy and environmental remediation.

Metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based composites integrated with carbon nanomaterials have garnered significant interest for supercapacitor electrode applications due to their tunable porosity and enhanced conductivity. In this study, a UiO‐66‐NH ₂ /MWCNT composite was prepared via a facile one‐step solvothermal method and investigated as a supercapacitor electrode material for the first time. Comprehensive structural and morphological characterizations, including XRD, FT‐IR, Raman, XPS, SEM, and TEM, confirmed the successful formation and uniform growth of MOF nanoparticles on the backbone of MWCNTs. The composite exhibited a large specific surface area of 456.48 m ² g ⁻¹ , contributing to its excellent electrochemical performance. In a three‐electrode setup using 2 M KOH electrolyte, the hybrid produced a specific capacitance of 353.3 F g ⁻¹ at a specific current of 1 A g ⁻¹ . Furthermore, when configured as an aqueous symmetric supercapacitor device, the electrode material achieved a specific capacitance of 163.3 F g ⁻¹ , a specific energy of 32.7 Wh kg ⁻¹ at a specific power of 1.2 kW kg ⁻¹ , and demonstrated remarkable cycling stability with 82.5% capacitance retention over 3,000 cycles. These results affirm the potential of the UiO‐66‐NH ₂ /MWCNT composite as a promising electrode material for advanced energy storage devices.

Nitrogen-based fertilizer, primarily urea, production generates 2.1% of global CO₂ emissions through the energy-intensive Bosch–Meiser process. Electrochemical urea synthesis offers a sustainable alternative by significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. While numerous review articles have focused on the electrocatalytic synthesis of urea using nanostructures or heterostructures composed of transition metal alloys that leverage the synergistic effects of distinct metal catalytic sites, no comprehensive reviews have explored the application of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in this context. Following the publication of the Nature Synthesis paper in 2024, which reported a nearly fivefold increase in yield rate compared to existing catalysts, we revisited the electrosynthesis of urea using MOF materials. Over the past two years, a few high-impact papers have been published on MOF-based materials, which have emerged as promising catalysts for electrochemical urea synthesis, demonstrating notable efficiency and stability. This review aims to highlight these MOF-based materials, their catalytic performance, and underlying mechanism in electrocatalytic urea synthesis.

A new ionic copper(II) complex of 1,10-phenanthroline was synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental and spectroscopic analyses, molar conductance and magnetic moment measurements. The crystal structure of complex was also investigated through single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and suggestted a distorted octahedral geometry around copper(II), where one N atom from 1,10-phenanthroline and three O atoms from three H2O molecules occupying the basal plane while another Nphen and one Cl atom remain at the apical positions. Thus, the presence of three coordinated waters and chloride group along with the counter chloride ion and water of crystallization is responsible for extensive hydrogen bonding present in the molecule. Thus, the complex forms a 3D gigantic H-bonded network. The two types of intermolecular O–H···Cl and O–H···O hydrogen bonding play the pivotal role in crystal packing and plausible conductivity mechanism through the π-π interacting supports. The electrical conductivity and optical properties were also measured and the results focus on the semiconducting nature of the complex with optical band gap (Egd) value 1.23 eV.

Zr-MOFs, known for stability, low cytotoxicity and high drug-loading capacity; have been thoroughly investigated for biomedical uses. This article reviews the various synthetic methods and recent biomedical applications of important Zr-based MOFs.

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have got tremendous attention from the materials scientists’ community for their use in a wide range of applications. MNPs have some interesting properties, like reduced size (below 100 nm), large surface area, surface-to-volume ratio, interesting magnetic behavior, and simple synthetic routes. Therefore, MNPs are promising as efficient electrodes for electrochemical energy storage, especially in supercapacitor applications. The electrochemical performance of an MNPs-based electrode can be altered by an external magnetic field or/and magnetism possessed by the electrode materials. This chapter accounts for the recent research development on MNPs, their functionalized materials for supercapacitor application, and the influence of the external magnetic field on the electrochemical performance. Various synthetic processes are also discussed with their pros and cons. Finally, the chapter highlights the challenges and perspectives of these MNPs as promising energy storage candidates.

In this pandemic situation it is evident that viruses and bacteria, more specifically, multiple drug resistant (MDR) bacteria, endanger human civilization severely. It is high time to design smart weapons to combat these pathogens for the prevention and cure of allied ailments. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials designed from metal ions or inorganic clusters and multidentate organic ligands. Due to some unique features like high porosity, tunable pore shape and size, numerous possible metal-ligand combinations, etc., MOFs are ideal candidates to design “smart biotechnological tools”. MOFs construct promising fluorescence based biosensing platforms for detection of viruses. MOFs also exhibit excellent antibacterial activity due to their ability for sustained release of active biocidal agents. There are several reviews that summarize the antibacterial applications of MOFs, but the biosensing platforms based on MOFs for detection of viruses have scarcely been summarized. This review carefully covers both the aspects including virus detection (nucleic acid recognition and immunological detection) with underlying mechanisms as well as antibacterial application of MOFs and doped MOFs or composites. This review will deliver valuable information and references for designing new, smarter antimicrobial agents based on MOFs.