Angel Zamudio-Medina

Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic agent; however, its use is limited by minimal anti‐inflammatory activity and the risk of hepatotoxicity from prolonged oral use or in acute overdose. To address these limitations, four novel phosphorylated paracetamol analogs (2a–2d) were synthesized via a UV‐radical methodology and evaluated through integrated in silico, in vitro, and in vivo for anti‐inflammatory dermal approaches. Molecular docking suggested plausible binding interactions with COX‐1 and COX‐2 for all analogs. In vitro cytotoxicity assays in THP‐1 cells showed that 2a and 2b did not affect cell viability at 100 μM over 24 h. In a TPA‐induced acute ear edema model in CD1 male mice, 2a produced about 50% inhibition of edema at the lowest tested quantity (0.5 mg/ear), representing a fourfold potency advantage over indomethacin at the same amount, while 2b displayed significant anti‐inflammatory and vasoregulatory activity at higher quantities. Computational ADME profiling indicated that all analogs satisfy Lipinski’s drug‐likeness criteria and exhibit low predicted hERG channel risk. These results support N‐phosphorylation of 4‐aminophenol as a viable strategy to improve the topical anti‐inflammatory efficacy of paracetamol analogs.

We report a fast, safe, and efficient procedure for the synthesis of phosphorylated derivatives of piperazines through a multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy. Our key reagents were the piperazines 1-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine and 3-(4- (2-methoxyphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) propan-1-amine which reacted with five different phosphorous chlorides. A total of ten new derivatives were obtained, all confirmed by NMR spectroscopy (¹H, ¹³C, and ³¹P) and mass spectrometry. Then, the reactivity profile of our new compounds was characterized through the new theoretical framework of the Local Electronic Temperature of Atoms in Molecules (LT-AIMs), from which we identified the most reactive sites of each of our derivatives. Furthermore, some of the quantities defined within this context were used to reproduce trends observed in our NMR records. A brief discussion about the advantages of performing a combined experimental and theoretical chemical characterization of recently synthesized compounds is also presented, particularly for those compounds with potential therapeutic features. Graphical Abstract

A fast, safe and accessible multicomponent reaction procedure is reported for the synthesis of symmetric and nonsymmetric benzyl-bisphosphoramidate derivatives. Our key reagents were 1,3-phenylenedimethanamine 3 conjointly with the five different phosphorous chlorides, O, O′-diethyl chlorothiophosphate 1, diphenyl phosphoryl chloride 2, diethyl chlorophosphate 5, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylphosphorodiamidic chloride 7 and O, O′-dimethyl chlorothiophosphate 9. A total of seven products were obtained, five of them none reported before. As far as we know, our work constitutes the first approach for the synthesis of nonsymmetric benzyl-bisphosphoramidate derivatives. The presence of our adducts were always confirmed by NMR spectroscopy (¹H, ¹³C and ³¹P) and mass spectrometry. Graphical Abstract

A novel three-component one-pot reaction procedure was designed for the synthesis of symmetric and asymmetric bisphosphoramidate derivatives. Our key reactants were a set of four aliphatic diamines, which individually react with two different phosphoryl chloride derivatives (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylphosphorodiamide chloride and diphenyl phosphoryl chloride). A total of 10 products, six of them none reported before, were synthetized. The proposed experimental procedure does not involve any catalyst and proceeds under routine experimental conditions (room temperature and 1 atm). Each synthesized compound was characterized by NMR (¹H, ¹³C, and ³¹P) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Graphical Abstract

We present a new single-step multicomponent reaction strategy for the synthesis of symmetric and (novel) asymmetric bisphosphoramidate and bisphosphoramidothioate derivatives. Reactions proceed under routine experimental conditions, do not require the aid of any catalyst, and provide moderate yields after a short time. We synthesized 18 different compounds, 10 of them for the first time. The cytotoxic activity of our adducts was assessed by measuring their inhibitory capacity (IC₅₀) against two different cell lines, the A549 (lung cancer cells) and the SW1353 (chondrosarcoma cells). Graphical Abstract

We present a multicomponent reaction strategy to synthesize a (dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole)phosphonate family of compounds, using benzimidazoles, diethyl chlorophosphate and aliphatic amines as starting reactants. Giving its simplicity, our procedure involves reaction times of only few hours and avoid the usage of any catalyst agent. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (¹H, ¹³C and ³¹P) and mass spectrometry by the DART method.