Dinesh Kumar Patel

Medicinal plants are an integral part of the medical system in many countries around the world. Natural products have been used as important biological sources for drug discovery over the past half-century. Alkaloids are a group of natural compounds that contain a basic nitrogen atom. Oxoglaucine is a phytochemical of the oxoaporphines class phytochemical isolated from Aquilegia ecalcarata Maxim, Corydalis yanhusuo, Chasmanthera dependens, and Xylopia aethiopica. The purpose of this study is to analyze all the scientific information about oxoglaucine in order to know the health-beneficial potential of oxoglaucine in medicine. The detailed pharmacological activities of oxoglaucine are analyzed and discussed in this review. The scientific data of the present review about oxoglaucine were collected from PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google using the terms oxoglaucine, oxoaporphines, alkaloid, phytochemical, pharmacological, and herbal medicine. The scientific findings of the present review article describe the biological importance and therapeutic effectiveness of oxoglaucine in medicine. The present article scientific data signified the biological potential of oxoglaucine against inflammatory diseases, arthritis, osteoarthritis, immune response, enterovirus, and poliovirus. Furthermore, its anticancer, antiaggregation, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and cytotoxic potential are also described in this review article. The scientific information in this article will be helpful to all the scientific peoples of biological science to understand the therapeutic potential of oxoglaucine in medicine.

Backgrounds: Plants have always been an important source of food and drugs, in addition to their application in medical and cosmetic sectors. The popularity of herbal remedies has increased in many countries in recent decades. Herbal medicines contain numerous active phytocomponents with different biological activities. Alkaloid class phytochemicals have diverse chemical structures and pharmacological activities in nature. Additionally, Aporphinoids are an important class of plant secondary metabolites that have been used for the treatment of numerous human disorders for a long time in traditional medicine. Dicentrine is an aporphine class phytochemical isolated from numerous medicinal plants, including Actinodaphne sesquipedalis and Lindera megaphylla. Methods: The biological potential of dicentrine, an aporphine alkaloid derivative, has been described in the present work. Scientific data on dicentrine were collected here from different scientific databases and presented in this paper in order to know the biological importance of dicentrine in medicine for the treatment of human complications. Further, detailed pharmacological activities and scientific data on dicentrine were also analyzed in order to determine its therapeutic potential in medicine. Moreover, its analytical aspects were also described in this work to understand its separation and isolation methods. Results: The present work described the biological potential of dicentrine in medicine and its analytical aspects. It signified the biological potential of dicentrine in cancer, breast cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, blood pressure, inflammatory disorders, hyperlipidaemia, arrhythmia, stomach muscle, and glomerulonephropathy. Further, its effectiveness in medicine was found to be mainly because of its antiplatelet, alpha 1-adrenoceptor, epidermal growth factor, antiprotozoal, larvicidal, antimicrobial, topoisomerase II, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential. Moreover, other scientific data also signified its metabolism and pharmacokinetic parameters in terms of its analytical aspects in medicine. Conclusion: The present review gives us an updated summary of the scientific information for pharmacological activities and analytical aspects of dicentrine in medicine. It also signified the potential contribution of dicentrine in medicine for the development of a newer class of drug molecules for human disorders.

Natural products and their derived secondary metabolites play an important role in medicine and other allied health sectors. Liriodendrin is one of the main lignans of Boerhaavia diffusa roots. Liriodendrin is a lignin class phytochemical having numerous health beneficial properties in medicine, including anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-arrhythmic, anti-oxidant and anti- inflammatory potential. This present review aims to analyze the reported ethnomedicinal properties, pharmacological activities and analytical aspects of liriodendrin and identify the remaining gaps in medicinal fields for their future investigations. The pharmacological properties of liriodendrin have been described in the present paper in order to describe its better utilization in natural medicine in the future. Biological poptential and pharmacological activities of liriodendrin have been described in the present work with their analytical development in the scientific fields. In the present work, scientific data on liriodendrin were collected from different scientific databases such as PubMed, Springer, Google, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. They described their biological potential on the basis of the available scientific literature. Further, research and review articles from peer-reviewed journals were also searched during data collection. The present paper's scientific data signified the biological importance of liriodendrin in medicine, which has been isolated from Boerhaavia diffusa and other medicinal plants. Liriodendrin has biological potential against myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, lung injury, hepatic injury, inflammatory disorders, ulcerative colitis, gastric injury, SARS-CoV-2 protease and intestinal inflammation. Further, its effectiveness in medicine was also due to its anti-convulsant activity, nitric oxide inhibitory potential, cytotoxicity, cytoprotective nature, anti-oxidant, and anti-microbial potential. The present paper's scientific data also described the metabolism and analytical development for their isolation, separation and identification in different samples. Detailed pharmacological activities of liriodendrin have been described here in the present work and highlighted its important pharmacological properties and analytical aspects. Liriodendrin is a valuable phytochemical of Boerhaavia diffusa, which has numerous biological applications in medicine. Further, this study can also validate the traditional and ethnobotanical use of the Boerhaavia diffusa and other plant material, which contain a significant amount of liriodendrin as an active phytochemical. Liriodendrin have huge biological potential far beyond its traditional uses in human complications.

Background: Atractylodes lancea Thunb. (Asteraceae) is a commonly used medicinal plant for gastric and appetite-associated complications in traditional Chinese medicine. The rhizome of Atractylodes lancea has been widely used for the treatment of human complications. Atractylodin has anti-angiogenic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-pyretic and anti-hypertensive potential in medicine. Nano-formulations of atractylodin were also prepared in the scientific field to enhance its water solubility and efficacy in cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: Health-beneficial aspects of atractylodin in medicine have been investigated in the present work through collected scientific information on atractylodin from different literature databases. Scientific data on atractylodin has been collected from Google, Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed. Further, detailed pharmacological activities and analytical aspects of atractylodin were discussed in this paper in order to know its biological potential in medicine. Analytical techniques of atractylodin were also discussed in the present work for separation, isolation, and identification of atractylodin. Results: Scientific data analysis signified the biological importance of Atractylodes lancea Thunb. and its active phytochemical atractylodin in medicine. Scientific data signified the presence of atractylodin in Atractylodes lancea, Atractylodes chinensis, Atractylodes japonica, Atractylodes macrocephala, Atractylodes ovate and Atractylodis Rhizoma. Atractylodin has a significant biological effect on cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, cancer anorexiacachexia syndrome, colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory complications, GIT complications, hepatic complications, atopic dermatitis, aging process, neurodegenerative disease, calcified aortic valve disease, hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, body temperature, olfactory neurons, podocyte hypermotility and toxicity. Further, its anti-nociceptive, anti-fibrotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-virulence, antibacterial, insecticidal, lipase inhibitory potential, immunomodulatory, and positive inotropic effects were also discussed in the present paper. Analytical techniques for the separation, isolation and identification of atractylodin in different samples were also discussed in the present work. Conclusion: The present work's scientific data signified the biological importance of atractylodin in medicine.

Background: Plant products have been used for the treatment of numerous kinds of human disorders since the very ancient age. Iridoid glycosides are secondary plant metabolites of medicinal importance that have been well investigated in the scientific field for their role in plants. Numerous iridoid class phytochemicals have cardiovascular, anti-viral, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, immunomodulatory, anti-spasmodic, hypolipidemic, choleretic, purgative, and hypoglycaemic activity. Methods: Here in the present work, we have collected scientific information on cornin and presented it with respect to its medicinal importance and pharmacological activities with their analytical aspects. Scientific information on cornin has been collected from numerous scientific databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Google, and Scopus to know the biological potential of cornin in medicine. Further, pharmacological activity scientific data of cornin has been presented in this work with proper citations. Results: The scientific data of the present paper described the biological significance of cornin in medicine. The further detailed pharmacological activity of cornin signified its therapeutic effectiveness on cerebral ischemia, angiogenesis, autophagy, myocardial injury, cerebral injury, oxidative injury, lipid peroxidation, proliferation, and cytochrome p450. Analytical data signified the separation, isolation, and identification techniques of cornin in medicine. Conclusion: The scientific information of the present work will be beneficial for all scientific people to explore the therapeutic effectiveness of cornin in medicine.

Oxyberberine is an important alkaloid class phytochemical found to be present in the Coptidis Rhizoma, Thalictrum longistylum, Thalictrum lucidum, Thalictrum podocarpum and Phellodendron amurense. Coptidis Rhizoma is a classical Chinese medicinal botanical drug for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. In order to give scientific information on the pharmacological activities and medicinal uses of oxyberberine, a large number of scientific databases were examined and scientific data about oxyberberine was gathered for this review article. Furthermore, the ultimate goal of this review is to provide scientific information on oxyberberine to facilitate its application in the treatment of human diseases. Here, keywords related to oxyberberine, Coptidis Rhizoma, herbal medicine and phytochemicals were searched in the scientific databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The scientific data of this review demonstrate the biological potential of oxyberberine in medicine due to its therapeutic effectiveness on human diseases. Here we discussed the pharmacological activities of oxyberberine in colitis, lung injury, liver disease, intestinal mucositis, cardiotoxicity and lipoxygenase. The scientific evidence also described the therapeutic effects of oxyberberine in medicine due to its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and hypoglycemic effects. However, its role in multidrug resistance and pharmacokinetic parameters was also discussed, which justifies conducting further preclinical research and clinical trials in the scientific field for future prospects of oxyberberine in the medicinal field.

Human illnesses and secondary complications have long been treated with phytomedicine. The majority of herbal drugs were composed of numerous elements of medicinal plants that had therapeutic benefit for human health conditions. Stellera chamaejasme L., contains chamaejasmine as an important phytochemical. Chamaejasmine has potent pain-relieving potential and exerted antitumor activity. Scientific data about chamaejasmine pharmacological properties and therapeutic applications have been collected from a variety of scientific research databases. Additionally, scientific information has been gathered and examined to determine the advantageous function of chamaejasmine. Further, chamaejasmine has also been analyzed for their anticancer potential against cancerous disorders. Present review scientific data described the therapeutic effectiveness of chamaejasmine against cancers. Chamaejasmine scientific data also signified its biological potential in terms of its anti-cancer activity against osteosarcoma, breast cancer, cervical cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, larynx carcinoma, atopic dermatitis and glioblastoma. Present review also described pharmacokinetic parameters of chamaejasmine with its effectiveness on multidrug resistance. The present scientific data pertaining to review studies could be used to investigate the health beneficial aspects of chamaejasmine for their anticancer activity in the future. İnsan hastalıkları ve ikincil komplikasyonlar uzun süredir bitkisel ilaçlarla tedavi edilmektedir. Bitkisel ilaçların çoğunluğu, insan sağlığı koşulları için terapötik fayda sağlayan tıbbi bitkilerin birçok bileşeninden oluşmaktaydı. Stellera chamaejasme L., önemli bir fitokimyasal olan chamaejasmine’i içermektedir. Chamaejasmine güçlü bir ağrı giderici potansiyele sahiptir ve antitümör aktivite göstermektedir. Chamaejasmine’in farmakolojik özellikleri ve terapötik uygulamalarıyla ilgili bilimsel veriler çeşitli bilimsel araştırma veritabanlarından toplanmıştır. Ayrıca, chamaejasmine’in avantajlı işlevini belirlemek amacıyla bilimsel bilgiler toplanmış ve incelenmiştir. Dahası, chamaejasmine’in kanserli hastalıklara karşı antikanser potansiyeli de analiz edilmiştir. Bu derleme çalışması, chamaejasmine’in kanserlere karşı terapötik etkinliğini açıklayan bilimsel verileri sunmaktadır. Chamaejasmine ile ilgili bilimsel veriler, osteosarkom, meme kanseri, rahim ağzı kanseri, akciğer adenokarsinomu, karaciğer hücreli karsinom, gırtlak karsinomu, atopik dermatit ve glioblastoma’ya karşı antikanser aktivitesi açısından biyolojik potansiyelini de ortaya koymaktadır. Bu derleme ayrıca, chamaejasmine’in farmakokinetik parametrelerini ve çoklu ilaç direnci üzerindeki etkinliğini de tanımlamaktadır. Bu derlemeye ilişkin mevcut bilimsel veriler, gelecekte chamaejasmine’in antikanser aktivitesi açısından sağlık açısından faydalı yönlerinin araştırılmasında kullanılabilir.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a relatively rare but highly lethal malignancy. It is the most aggressive biliary tract carcinoma and the sixth most common gastrointestinal cancer worldwide. Over 90% of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the absence of symptoms in the early stages. The primary clinical treatment for GBC is surgical resection, while chemotherapy and postoperative radiation therapy can improve prognosis. This study compiles and analyzes scientific data from PubMed, Google Scholar, Google, Scopus, and ScienceDirect to evaluate the biological potential of phytochemicals in medicine and their efficacy in treating gallbladder cancer. Additional scientific evidence has been gathered from books, journals, and scientific reports to assess the therapeutic effectiveness of phytochemicals against GBC. This article also discusses the biological significance of gallbladder cancer in medicine. Scientific data analysis highlights the biological potential of numerous phytochemicals, including oxymatrine, baicalein, stigmasterol, icariin, dihydrotanshinone I, ursolic acid, emodin, garcinol, wogonin, pterostilbene, fangchinoline, isoliquiritigenin, cirsimaritin, ponicidin, oridonin, magnolol, and ginsenoside Rg3, in targeting gallbladder cancer. Additionally, this study examines the molecular mechanisms underlying their efficacy. Scientific analysis confirms the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals in GBC treatment. However, further research is needed to validate their clinical applicability, elucidate precise molecular mechanisms, and ensure their safety profiles.