N. L. Lezhava

Tunnel soft tissue augmentation using a free connective tissue graft in the area of dental implants is a popular technique in modern clinical dentistry. This technique is aimed at preventing soft tissue loss in the postoperative period, especially in clinical settings complicated by severe localized periodontitis. Given the high risk of inflammatory and recurrent processes in severe forms of periodontitis, the rationale for using this technique is particularly clinically significant. Materials and methods. Forty patients with chronic, severe localized periodontitis in the area of the central teeth of the maxilla were examined and operated on. In Group I, 20 patients underwent extraction and simultaneous dental implantation, as well as tunnel soft tissue augmentation using a free connective tissue graft (FCT). Patients in the control group II (n=20) underwent tooth extraction and immediate dental implantation without soft tissue grafting. Soft tissue loss in the implant area was assessed after 12 months. Results. In Group I, the average soft tissue loss was 1.0 mm, which was significantly less than 2.1 mm in the control group (p<0.01). Conclusion. Tunnel soft tissue grafting using FCT during extraction and immediate dental implantation in the anterior region of the maxillary dentition contributes to a favorable prognosis and prevents postoperative soft tissue loss around dental implants.

The symmetry of masticatory muscle tension in tooth loss undergoes various changes due to the reorganization of the chewing process itself. Electromyography (EMG) of the masticatory muscle’s measures muscle tone over time, for example, during the chewing cycle or during clenching. Thus, EMG can provide an assessment of muscle tone during the chewing sequence. Since bite force and chewing efficiency are important parameters, the use of EMG in patients with tooth loss can be an effective tool for diagnosing various pathological processes. Purpose: to identify a correlation between the restoration of chewing function in patients with tooth loss and the symmetry of masticatory and temporal muscle tension. Materials and methods. 20 patients with tooth loss (K08.1) underwent dental implant placement in the upper and lower jaws followed by prosthetic rehabilitation. Before surgery and one month after permanent prosthetic rehabilitation, electromyography (EMG) was used to measure the activity of the masseter and temporal muscles (total amplitude during teeth clenching) and calculate the symmetry index of muscle tension on the right and left sides. Results. Preoperative measurements showed average muscle tension levels of 27.00±9.78 mV in the right temporal muscle and 28.15±9.60 mV in the left temporal muscle. For masseter muscles, the total clenching amplitude was 24.30±5.56 mV on the left side and 20.60±8.88 mV on the right. After one month of prosthetic rehabilitation, significant correlations emerged between masticatory function recovery and muscle activity patterns: analysis revealed an inverse ipsilateral relationship between masseter and temporal muscles (r=−0.87 right, r=−0.74 left, p<0.001), bilateral synchronization of masseter muscles (r=0.72, p<0.001), and cross-muscle regulatory patterns (Md/Ts: r=−0.45, p=0.046; Ms/Td: r=−0.63, p=0.003) demonstrating asymmetric masticatory control mechanisms, while demonstrating improved symmetry following prosthetic rehabilitation. Conclusion. Overall, this work shows that the activity of the masticatory muscles in patients with tooth loss improves after orthopedic rehabilitation on dental implants. This improvement is manifested in a more symmetrical tone of the masticatory muscles.

Introduction. Removal of wisdom teeth is always accompanied by the appearance of collateral edema of varying severity, pain, neurological dysfunction and inflammatory contracture of the masticatory muscles.Purpose. To evaluate the use of local apparatus hypothermia and the method of three-dimensional facial scanning for the treatment of patients after extraction of mandibular third molars.Materials and methods. 60 patients had their wisdom teeth removed. Depending on the group, local apparatus hypothermia (LAH) (study group of 30 patients) and local ice hypothermia (LIH) (control group of 30 patients) were performed after surgery. Evaluation criterion: three-dimensional scanning of the face on days 3, 5, 7.Results. In the control group, on the 3rd day the size of the edema was 6.31 mm (SD 0.81), on the 5^th day – 4.88 mm (SD 0.73), on the 7^th day – 3.44 mm (SD 0.88). In the study group, on the 3^rd day the size of the edema was 5.09 mm (SD 0.80), on the 5^th day – 2.73 mm (SD 0.71), on the 7^th day – 1.28 mm (SD 0,62). In the control group, the size of edema on the 5^th day changed by 22.67% compared to the 3rd day, on the 7^th day by 30.12% compared to the 5^th day and by 45.94% compared to 3^rd day. In the study group, the size of edema on the 5^th day changed by 46.42% compared to the 3^rd day, on the 7^th day by 53.16% compared to the 5^th day and by 75.32% compared 3^rd day. Comparison of groups 3, 5 and 7 in terms of absolute values of edema size and percentage change showed a statistically significant difference (pConclusion. The use of local apparatus hypothermia in the postoperative period can reduce the severity of collateral edema in a shorter period compared to standard methods of local hypothermia.

Без сомнения, применение хирургических навигационных шаблонов позволяет более точно установить дентальный имплантат. Однако вопросы точности остеотомии и непосредственной установки дентального имплантата все еще остаются открытыми в силу малого количества экспериментальных исследований. Цель — обосновать применение хирургических навигационных шаблонов при дентальной имплантации на экспериментальных моделях. Проспективно были отобраны 20 операторов с разным клиническим опытом работы и разделены на 2 группы: I группа устанавливала демоимплантаты при помощи хирургического навигационного шаблона (ХНШ), II — без него. Виртуально установленный дентальный имплантат в программном обеспечении считался контрольным образцом. Всего было установлено 20 имплантатов. В качестве имплантационной системы использовали демонстрационные дентальные имплантаты Инновационной российской имплантационной системы (ИРИС) ЛИКО-М с различными диаметром и длиной, а также навигационный и стандартный хирургические наборы ИРИС. Сканирование моделей проводили при помощи сканера Shining 3D (точность 30 мкм), шаблоны изготавливали на 3D-принтере Formlabs 2 (точность 25 мкм). Критерием оценки точности при установке демоимплантатов между группами и эталоном являлись значения ангуляции (VOA, MDA) и позиции (VOP, MDA). При статистическом анализе значений ангуляции (VOA, MDA) и позиции (VOP, MDP) на КЛКТ было выявлено, что позиции установленных демоимплантатов коррелируют с методом их установки. Для MDA и VOA различия не были статистически значимыми (p=0,880 и 0,734 соответственно), а для MDP и VOP различия были статистически значимыми (p=0,004 и 0,005 соответственно). При сравнении с эталонными различиями значений VOP в I группе и MDA во II группе статистически незначимые (p=0,296 и 0,094 соответственно), а для остальных показателей статистически значимые. Результаты статистического анализа показали, что применение ХНШ в клинической практике позволяет более точно проводить остеотомию, а также устанавливать дентальный имплантат. Однако нами показано, что в некоторых значениях разницы в установке дентального имплантата с ХНШ и без нее не достигнуто. Например, ангуляция ВО без навигации у 2 участников близка к эталону, у 6 — ниже эталонного значения, а еще у 2 — выше, чем у компьютерной модели. При использовании навигации у 2 участников показатель VOA был близок к эталону, а у остальных значения были ниже. Применение статических хирургических навигационных шаблонов в большинстве клинических случаев позволяет более точно перенести запланированную позицию виртуального дентального имплантата в полости рта пациента. The use of surgical guides undoubtedly allows more accurate placement of a dental implant. However, the issues of osteotomy accuracy and direct placement of a dental implant remain open due to the small number of experimental studies. Aim: To validate the use of surgical navigation guides in experimental dental implantation. . Twenty operators with different levels of clinical experience were selected on a prospective basis and divided into 2 groups: Group I placed demo implants with a surgical navigation template (SNT), Group II without. A virtual dental implant installed in the software was used as a control. In total, 20 implants were placed. The implant system used was the Innovative Russian Implant System (IRIS) LIKO-M demonstration dental implants of various diameters and lengths, as well as the guide and standard IRIS surgical protocol. The models were scanned with a Shining 3D scanner (30 µm accuracy), the basis of template was produced on a Formlabs 2 3D printer (25 µm accuracy). Angulation (VOA, MDA) and position (VOP, MDA) values were used to evaluate the accuracy of demo implant placement between the groups and the reference. . Statistical analysis of angulation values (VOA, MDA) and position (VOP, MDP) on the CBCT showed that the positions of...

Nowadays congenitally missing lateral incisors is a common clinical occurrence. Successful dental treatment is always the goal for patients and dental practitioners. In this abstract, the authors introduce an approach using dental implants to solve the problem of congenitally missing lateral incisors. In most cases, a multidisciplinary treatment plan has to be developed and executed. Currently, a single implant supported crown is a predictable method for the treatment of bilateral missing incisors.

Динамика иммунологических и микробиологических показателей ротовой жидкости при терапии кариеса