Ghulam Hussain

Purpose: Many organizations started using green marketing to demonstrate their environmental efforts; however, this often compromises authenticity, giving significant rise to “greenwashing”. Grounded in expectancy violation theory (EVT) and contingency theory, this study empirically examines a conceptual model linking perceived greenwashing (PGW) to self-brand connection (SBC), both directly and indirectly through psychological contract violation (PCV), while also testing the moderating role of consumers’ environmental knowledge (EK) in direct and indirect relationships. Design/methodology/approach: Data on two brands positioned as green or eco-friendly were collected from 497 consumers and analysed using the PROCESS macro to test the proposed conceptual model. Findings: The results found that PGW negatively affects SBC, and PCV mediates (partially) the PGW–SBC link. Moreover, consumers’ EK moderates the direct and indirect relationships such that the effects of PGW become amplified for consumers with high EK. Research limitations/implications: Based on the study’s findings, practitioners can gain valuable insights for developing effective communication strategies in pursuit of sustainable performance. Practical implications: In the hyper-competitive green market, consumers’ perceptions of firms’ green communication and consumer–brand relationships are of paramount importance. This study provides actionable insights for managers, especially in emerging economies, aiming to build trust and credibility through transparent and responsible green communication. Originality/value: Based on the EVT paradigm, this study attempts to explain and answer why and how PGW negatively affects SBC directly and indirectly with the intervening role of PCV. Furthermore, the study contends that these effects are dependent on the contingency factor – EK – which provides additional insight into the PGW-SBC relationships.

Purpose: This study examines the direct and indirect effects of social capital on supply chain performance via supply chain quality integration (SCQI), which refers to integrating supply chain partners from the perspective of quality management. It also examines the moderating role of environmental uncertainty in the link between social capital and SCQI and determines the conditional indirect effect of social capital on supply chain performance via SCQI.Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected using a time-lagged research design through a self-administered survey of supply chain professionals in manufacturing firms in Pakistan. Hayes’ PROCESS Macro was used to test the hypotheses.Findings: The results show a positive relationship between social capital and supply chain performance. SCQI partially mediates the relationship between social capital and supply chain performance. Environmental uncertainty significantly moderates that relationship in such a way that firms that operate under high environmental uncertainty are more likely to use their social capital to develop SCQI than firms that operate under low environmental uncertainty.Practical implications: The study has practical implications for managers who seek to implement SCQI practices using social capital. Leveraging social capital across the supply chain fosters strong connections and a quality-oriented approach across the supply chain, and improves overall performance. Managers can use the power of social capital to navigate environmental uncertainty.Originality/value: This study’s originality lies in its drawing on the dynamic capability theory and contingency theory and integrating the dispersed scholarly work on social capital, SCQI, and supply chain performance under the boundary condition of environmental uncertainty.

This research mainly aims to test the impact of green human resource management (GHRM) on environmental performance (EP) and to determine whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) mediates the relationship between GHRM and EP and whether organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) moderates the relationships between CSR and EP. The paper relied on a quantitative research approach with a sample of 204 employees from the pollutant industries of Pakistan. In this paper, the partial least square approach (PLS‐SEM) was employed to verify the proposed hypotheses. The outcomes confirmed that GHRM has a positive impact on EP. Additionally, the findings indicated that CSR affected EP. It was also revealed that CSR fully mediates the linkages between GHRM and EP. This paper acknowledges the existing gaps in the prior literature and enables us to clearly understand the significance of GHRM in affecting EP via CSR as a mediator.

Purpose: This study aims to examine the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership (EL) and new product development performance (NPDP) at the firm level (level 2) of analysis and employee’s creativity (EC) at the cross level (level 1) of analysis. It also examines the serial mediations of (1) intrinsic motivation (IM)-EC and (2) creative self-efficacy (CSE)-EC on the relationship between EL and NPDP.Design/methodology/approach: A systematic random sampling technique was used to collect data through self-administered surveys from leaders and employees of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Pakistan’s IT sector. Analysis was conducted on net responses from 114 leaders and 476 employees.Findings: The results revealed significant positive associations between EL and NPDP at the firm level of analysis and EC at the cross level of analysis. The results of the cross-level serial mediations show that (1) IM and EC, and (2) CSE and EC serially mediate the relationship between EL and NPDP.Originality/value: This study is among the few to use the Coleman bathtub model to show top-down and bottom-up relationships. The study extends and complements the multilevel perspective on leadership and new product development research by simultaneously examining the relationships between EL and NPDP at the individual and firm levels.

The resurgence of green marketing engrossed the phenomenon of greenwashing, misleading and deceiving consumers with false claims about the firms’ environmental practices. Drawing on attribution theory, this study examines the direct relationship between perceived greenwashing (PGW) and brand credibility (BC) and indirect relationship through green skepticism (GSP). The study also examines the moderating effect of environmental concern (EC) based on contingency theory in both direct and indirect relationships. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from consumers and 508 usable responses were analyzed. The study’s hypotheses were tested using PROCESS macro for SPSS. The results show that PGW is negatively related to BC both directly and indirectly via GSP, whereas EC moderated, directly and indirectly, the relationships between PGW and BC, suggesting that the relationship between PGW and BC is fostered when EC is high. This study helps managers to understand how overstated/deceptive green claims may lead to destructive consequences for the company.

Purpose: This study aims to examine the direct and indirect effects of supply chain resilience enablers on supply chain disruption orientation per supply chain resilience. It conjointly examined the moderation of supply chain complexity on resilience enablers and supply chain resilience. It further detailed the conditional indirect effects of supply chain resilience enablers on supply chain disruption orientations via supply chain resilience at varying levels of supply chain complexity.Design/methodology/approach: This study employed a time-lagged design (three-wave) and self-administered surveys to collect data from the supply chain managers of fast-moving consumer goods firms. A sample of 214 responses was used to test the hypothesized relationships.Findings: The results showed that supply chain resilience significantly mediated on the relationship between supply chain resilience enablers and supply chain disruption orientation. Further, supply chain complexity positively moderated on supply chain resilience enablers and supply chain resilience. The results also supported the moderated mediated hypothesis.Research limitations/implications: This study contributes to prevalent theory and practices in the wake of recent disruptions faced by the firms. It persuades the managers to emphasize on structuring resilient supply chain system to recover from the disruptions and accumulate and incorporate learning gained from the disruptions to strengthen the firm's response management system.Originality/value: This study attempted to explore the underlying antecedents and consequences of supply chain resilience in Pakistan and established boundary condition effects of supply chain complexity on the proposed relationships. This research complemented and extended the conceits of resource-based and contingent resource-based views.

This study determined the direct and indirect effects of medical students’ online learning perceptions on learning outcomes via their readiness for online learning. It also determined the moderating effect of teachers’ online teaching readiness on medical students’ online learning perceptions and learning outcomes. We apply the theoretical lens of self-determination theory and constructivist theory to formulate hypotheses. We used self-administered and postal survey methods to collect data from fourth and fifth-year medical students on online learning perceptions, readiness for online learning, and learning outcomes in two waves. We also collected data from the teachers about their perceptions of online teaching readiness. We received 517 usable students’ responses (Level-1) and 88 usable teachers’ responses (Level-2). We tested Level-1 hypotheses about direct and indirect effects in Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS), and a Level-2 hypothesis about moderating effect was tested using Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). The results for the Level-1 hypotheses supported the positive effects of students’ online learning perceptions and readiness for online learning on learning outcomes. Student readiness for online learning significantly mediated the relationship between online learning perceptions and learning outcomes. HLM results also supported a moderating effect of teachers’ online teaching readiness on medical students’ online learning perceptions and learning outcomes in such a way that learning outcomes were high when students’ online learning perceptions and teachers’ online teaching readiness were high. Based on the study’s findings, we offer contributions to theory and practice.

Purpose: This research aims to investigate relationship between workplace spirituality and employees' knowledge-hiding as mediated by organizational identification.Design/methodology/approach: In this research, a time-lagged design is employed and multi-source data are collected through self-administered questionnaires. A sample of 305 focal respondents and 1,048 of the respondents' peers is used to test the hypotheses using AMOS (analysis of moment structures) 24.0.Findings: The results reveal that two dimensions of workplace spirituality – meaningful work and values alignment –play significant roles in reducing knowledge-hiding in terms of workplace spirituality's three dimensions of evasive hiding, rationalized hiding and “playing dumb.” However, contrary to expectations, a sense of community has significant positive effects on the dimensions of knowledge-hiding. The study also reveals that organizational identification significantly mediates the relationships between the dimensions of workplace spirituality and those of knowledge-hiding.Originality/value: This pioneer study introduces workplace spirituality (which differs from religious spirituality) and the significance of workplace spirituality in the workplace in the religious and conservative society of Pakistan. This study uses the lens of social identity theory (SIT) to establish for the first-time organizational identity as a mediating mechanism between workplace spirituality and knowledge-hiding to offer new insights for theory and practice.