V. A. Prohodnaja

Introduction. The complex of transcriptional proteins of NF-kB (Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) family deservedly attracts attention as a factor capable of determining the course of malignant disease. Its promising study in combination with the expression of proinflammatory gene IL6 in patients with parotid cancer (PSG) is associated with the development of modulation of malignant disease treatment and risk assessment of the disease course. Aims — to determine the effect of the expression activity of the proinflammatory interleukin-6 gene and the NFKB1 transcriptional gene on the survival rate of patients with parotid cancer. Materials and methods. A cohort retrospective study was conducted in two groups. The epidemiological group of patients included 140 people from the cancer registry of Rostov region. The clinical part of the work was carried out on 25 patients with PSG cancer of both sexes aged 50 to 80 years. Followup period of the patients after radical surgery was 18 years. Expression activity of NFKB1 and IL6 genes was estimated by real-time PCR in tumor and conditionally healthy tissue. Patient survival rate was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method. Results. According to the results of the survival analysis in the epidemiological group, the probability that an PSG cancer patient would survive the first year after diagnosis was 95.7%, three years — 82.4%, five years — 70.9% and 10 years — 31.2%. A comparative study of gene expression levels in tumor tissue samples compared to conditionally healthy tissue revealed an increase (pDiscussion. Analysis of our data showed the possibility of using the complex evaluation of NFKB1 and IL6 gene expression in the cells of tumor samples of PSG cancer tissue obtained during surgery to predict the long-term survival of patients after surgical treatment. Conclusions. The expression profile of NFKB1 gene in tumor tissue was a proven prognostic factor determining the course of the disease in patients with PSG cancer, which should be taken into account when forming the prognosis of the disease. The expression of IL6 gene expression in tumor cells had no independent effect on the survival rate of PSG cancer patients, but contributed to the functional activation of NFKB1 transcription gene.

To study the effect of toothbrushes of various types on the accumulation of plaque and the proteolytic potential of gingival fluid as a pathogenic factors in long-term orthodontic treatment of patients with a distal permanent bite. We examined 63 patients of both sexes aged 11-18 years. Orthodontic treatment was carried out for the close position of the teeth with a distal permanent bite (K07.2) and cleft palate and lips (Q37.1). Patients were divided into three groups depending on the type of toothbrush used for individual oral hygiene: group 1 (n=21) - an orthodontic manual toothbrush (Professor Persin, «Spazzolificio Piave», Italy); Group 2 (n=22) - an ultrasonic toothbrush (Emmi-dent, EMAG AG, Germany) and group 3 (n=20) - an electric toothbrush ("Oral-B Pro-Expert, «Procter & Gamble», USA). The amount of soft plaque was assessed by the Silness-Loe hygiene index in the subgingival region. The activity of proteolytic enzymes - elastase, collagenase, and a α-inhibitor of proteinases was determined by the enzymatic method using a XL 200 biochemical analyzer («Erba Lachema», Czech Republic). The accumulation of plaque in the gingival region on both jaws during the entire period of orthodontic treatment is most pronounced when using a manual brush compared to ultrasonic and electric brushes. An increase in proteolytic activity in the gingival fluid with a simultaneous decrease in antiprotease potential with long-term orthodontic treatment of patients was observed when using a manual orthodontic brush, which can be regarded as an increase in the activity of the pathogenic factors for the development of local inflammatory and destructive changes. To prevent inflammatory and destructive changes during prolonged orthodontic treatment of patients, the use of ultrasonic and electric toothbrushes in daily oral hygiene is justified.

The aim of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation after the complete elimination of carious cavities in patients with dentin caries according to clinical and laboratory indicators when using the ELGYDIUM Protection caries toothpaste for cleaning teeth for 6 months. 29 patients with high intensity of dental caries were examined and received treatment. Depending on the organization of daily hygienic measures after treatment the patients were divided into two groups. The main group included 14 patients who used Elgydium Protection caries paste ('Pierre Fabre Medicament', France) for brushing their teeth twice a day for 6 months. The control group included 15 patients who used toothpastes with fluoride of the first generation. All patients underwent clinical dental examination with the determination of the DMFT index and the amount of soft dental plaque according to the Silness-Lohe index, as well as in the gingival fluid bacteriological examination of cariogenic microbiota, determination of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and an immunoassay for anti-inflammatory peptides α-defensins 1-3. Effective change in the concentration of antimicrobial peptides α-defensins 1-3 and TNF-α after treatment along with successful eradication of cariogenic bacteria from carious cavities, the absence of recurrent dental caries in the main group compared with the control group proved the successful anti-caries action of long-term use of fluorenol capable of forming a uniform film on the surface of the tooth in the presence of silyglycol. The protective film helps to increase the resistance of the tooth to demineralization and prevents plaque formation. Thus, the study results proved the effectiveness of ELGYDIUM Protection caries toothpaste used for 6 months for the reduction of caries.